Recently, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has issued the technical guide for accounting the pollution sources of automobile manufacturing and ceramic products manufacturing (hereinafter referred to as the "guide") as the national environmental protection standard. The relevant person in charge of the Department of Environmental Impact Assessment and Emission Management of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment answered the reporter’s questions on the compilation background, main contents, industry characteristics and implementation focus of the guide.
Q: What is the position of the technical guide of source strength accounting in the EIA technical system? What problems are mainly solved? What is the overall progress in the construction of the current source strength system?
A:The environmental impact assessment system has been developed in China for nearly forty years. Along the way, the technical guideline system of environmental impact assessment has developed from scratch, from scattered to systematic, and has formed a relatively complete technical specification system composed of guideline general outline, factor guideline, industry guideline, thematic guideline and source strength accounting technical guideline. Among them, the source intensity guide is a technical method to standardize the selection and accounting of pollutant source intensity in construction projects, which is conducive to mastering the emission law of pollution sources, improving the accuracy and scientificity of source intensity accounting, and providing support for the fine management of pollution sources.
In view of the problems existing in the source strength accounting of environmental impact assessment of construction projects, such as incomplete identification of pollution sources and determination of pollutants, insufficient consideration of the activity level of pollution sources and the effective time of discharging pollutants, and nonstandard and inconsistent accounting methods, the source strength guide unifies the source items such as pollution sources and pollutants, and solves the problem of missing items in source strength identification in environmental impact assessment; The accounting period is unified, reflecting the effective time of pollutant discharge from various pollution sources in the industry, especially considering the characteristics of equipment that runs intermittently and equipment that needs maintenance and shutdown; Unifying the calculation method is convenient for the examination and approval personnel to judge the quality of project EIA documents from a technical point of view, which is of great significance to improve the management level of project EIA. Since 2018, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has successively issued the Technical Guidelines for Pollution Source Strength Accounting (hereinafter referred to as "Guidelines") and the source strength guidelines for 17 key industries such as thermal power, pulp and paper, steel, cement, flat glass, pharmaceuticals, pesticides and fertilizers, which have played a positive role in standardizing industry source strength accounting.
The source strength guidelines for automobile manufacturing and ceramic products manufacturing issued this time are the development and improvement of the standard system of source strength guidelines, and the overall idea continues the requirements of the guidelines. In the identification of pollution sources, it covers all processes, places, facilities or devices that may produce waste gas, waste water pollutants, noise and solid waste; In accounting methods, including the measured method, material balance algorithm, pollution coefficient method, analogy method and experiment method. In addition, the overall framework and content are consistent with the published source strength guide. In the next step, we will promote the compilation and revision of the source strength guide according to the management needs.
Q: After the institutional reform, the responsibility of pollutant discharge permit was assigned to the newly established Environmental Assessment Department. Compared with the previous guidelines, what work has been done in the connection with pollutant discharge permit?
A:The technical guide of source strength accounting is an important means to accelerate the reform of environmental assessment and licensing system and establish a streamlined, efficient, scientific and reasonable environmental management system for stationary pollution sources. The previously published series of source intensity guidelines have been fully connected and consistent with the Technical Specification for Application and Issuance of Pollution Discharge Permit (hereinafter referred to as "Permit Specification") in terms of application scope and accounting method, including making it clear that the source intensity guidelines are applicable to new (renovated) and existing engineering pollution sources, and can be used for environmental assessment, pollution discharge permit and other fixed pollution source management, among which the accounting method of organized source intensity of existing engineering waste gas and wastewater is the same as the permit specification.
After the institutional reform, in order to implement the requirements of the Notice on Doing a Good Job in Linking the Environmental Impact Assessment System with the Discharge Permit System (Environmental Assessment [2017] No.84) and promote the deep connection between the environmental assessment and the permit system, the two guidelines issued this time have deepened the following contents: First, it is proposed that the emissions of major discharge outlets and general discharge outlets need to be accounted, which is consistent with the permitted emissions calculated by the permit specification; Second, in the attached table "List of Accounting Results and Related Parameters of Pollution Sources", the column of "Discharge Outlet Type" is added, which requires identifying the main discharge outlet and general discharge outlet corresponding to a single pollution source, which is not only connected with the permit, but also based on the requirements of Atmospheric Environment (HJ 2.2) (hereinafter referred to as "Atmospheric Guide"), and accounts for the organized discharge of the main discharge outlet, general discharge outlet and the whole plant, so that the source can be controlled.
Q: What are the characteristics and innovations of the automobile manufacturing source guide from the industry point of view?
The main pollutants emitted by automobile manufacturing industry are volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which is a major concern in the Three-year Action Plan to Win the Blue Sky Defence War, the Work Plan for the Prevention and Control of VOCs Pollution in the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan and the Comprehensive Treatment Plan for VOCs in Key Industries. The characteristics and innovations of this guide in the industry mainly include:
First, the accounting method highlights the characteristics of the industry, especially the use of volatile organic matter material balance algorithm is refined.For the material balance algorithm that the source of volatile organic compounds in automobile manufacturing industry belongs to "organic solvent use" and is discharged through "non-single process", the emission standard compilation process of American Air Pollutant Emission Factor Compilation (AP-42 Manual), German Institution of Engineers "Emission Control-Mass Production of Automobile Body Painting" (VDI3455 Standard) and automobile manufacturing places such as Beijing, Shanghai, Shandong, Guangdong and Zhejiang are integrated.
The second is to implement the latest standards and environmental protection policies.For example, the requirements of "dual control of emission concentration and removal efficiency" put forward in the newly issued Unorganized Emission Control Standard for Volatile Organic Compounds (GB 37822) and the Notice on Printing and Distributing the Comprehensive Treatment Scheme for Volatile Organic Compounds in Key Industries (Huan Da Qing [2019] No.53) are fully reflected in the accounting requirements of the vehicle source strength guide.
Q: What are the characteristics and innovations of the source strength guide for ceramic products manufacturing from the industry point of view?
Ceramic products manufacturing industry has a large emission of air pollutants, which is the key control industry determined in the Comprehensive Control Plan for Air Pollution in Industrial Kilns. The main emission sources are firing kilns and spray drying towers (hot stoves). The characteristics and innovations of this guide in the industry are as follows:
First, it is clear for the first time that when the material balance algorithm is used to calculate the intensity of sulfur dioxide source, the sulfur input by fuel and the sulfur input by raw materials should be considered comprehensively.In the process of compiling the guide, a confirmatory experiment was carried out to study the transportation and transformation of sulfur in ceramic products industry, and 42 samples from 6 companies were tested, resulting in 22 test reports. The experimental results show that the proportion of sulfur input from raw materials is high when using clean fuel, and the sulfur input from raw materials should be considered in the sulfur dioxide material balance formula.
The second is to further understand the operation of ceramic products manufacturing facilities and the law of waste gas emission, which is reflected in the accounting requirements.The appendix of the guide gives the data reference values of the emission laws of waste gas pollutants from the main production facilities and processes of ceramic products manufacturing, including the fluctuation of source intensity in facilities hours, the generation laws of pollutants such as normal production, shutdown arrangements and annual emissions, which is of great guiding significance for reasonably determining the source intensity and prediction parameters, facilitating the application of source intensity accounting results to atmospheric guidelines, guiding specific construction projects to set up reasonable prediction scenarios, and scientifically carrying out predictions and judging the acceptability of environmental impacts.
The third is to clarify the requirements of special circumstances such as limited production and suspension of production in the ceramic products industry.Under special circumstances, such as dealing with heavy polluted weather, the situation of stopping production in ceramic products manufacturing industry is not regarded as "abnormal working conditions" referred to in the guide. It is clear in the appendix of the guide that the situation of stopping production and limiting production should be considered when calculating the allowable emissions.
Related content: Announcement on the release of two national environmental protection standards, such as Technical Guide for Accounting of Pollution Sources and Manufacturing of Ceramic Products.
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