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A number of banks announced! Limit increase

In order to improve the user experience and cope with the increasing payment demand, since the second half of this year, a number of banks have issued announcements one after another, announcing the adjustment of the fast payment transaction limit of third-party payment platforms.

Bank of Communications

On November 7, Bank of Communications announced that it would raise the fast payment limit of Bank of Communications debit card in Alipay consumption scene to RMB 200,000, with a daily cumulative of RMB 200,000 and a monthly cumulative of RMB 6 million from November 18, 2024. Other scenes such as Alipay transfer, wealth management, repayment, etc. continue to maintain the current limit standard, that is, RMB 50,000 yuan for a single payment, RMB 100,000 yuan for a daily cumulative payment, and RMB 600,000 yuan for a monthly cumulative payment. The specific limit is subject to the user’s page prompts when actually paying in Alipay App.

China Merchants Bank

On September 30, China Merchants Bank issued a document saying that it decided to increase the fast payment transaction limit of China Merchants Bank debit card in Alipay consumption scene to 200,000 yuan per day and 200,000 yuan per transaction from October 10, 2024. The transaction limits for scenarios such as wealth management and transfer will continue to be maintained at the current 50,000 yuan per day and 50,000 yuan per transaction. Please refer to the actual payment display on Alipay side for the specific amount.

Postal Savings Bank of China

On July 18th, China Postal Savings Bank issued the Notice on Adjusting the Fast Payment Transaction Limit of Tenpay Debit Card of China Postal Savings Bank, and decided that from 0: 00 on July 18th, 2024, the fast payment transaction limit of Tenpay Debit Card will be adjusted to: a single payment of 40,000 yuan, a single day of 80,000 yuan and a monthly cumulative payment of 600,000 yuan; Among them, the fast payment transaction limit of debit card in the financial scenario is adjusted to: 300,000 yuan for single payment, 300,000 yuan for daily accumulation and 600,000 yuan for monthly accumulation.

Original title: "Many banks announced! Limit increase "

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Pentium pony officially listed, starting at 26,900 yuan.

The Beijing News Shell Finance News (Reporter Wang Linlin) On May 28th, the Beijing News Shell Finance reporter learned from the official FAW Pentium that its first miniature pure electric car, the Pentium Pony, was officially launched, and three new models were launched, with the official guide price ranging from 26,900 yuan to 31,900 yuan.

Pentium pony. Figure/car company official website

From the body size, the Pentium pony is designed with three doors and four seats, with the length, width and height of 3000mm, 1510mm and 1630mm respectively, and the wheelbase of 1953 mm.. The new car is equipped with a 7-inch LCD dashboard, equipped with remote unlocking, rear parking radar, main driver’s airbag, tire pressure alarm, uphill assistance and other functions. In addition, the new car is equipped with lithium iron phosphate battery, and the pure electric cruising range under CLTC condition is divided into 122km and 170km.

Editor Bai Haotian proofreads Fu Chuncheng.

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Lansi Technology： We are cooperating with customers to verify the folding screen, which is ready for mass production of new models.

　　() On April 3rd, it was indicated on the interactive platform that the company had already laid out the manufacturing process of folding protective screens such as UTG and CPI, cooperated with major brands in R&D and production, and had the ability to rapidly mass-produce flexible screens and whole modules made of various materials of folding screen mobile phones, and had already supplied UTG and CPI screens to large domestic customers in batches. The company is the core supplier of exterior parts and structural parts for major customers in North America. Through long-term joint research and development with customers, it can ensure a high market share. At present, we are actively cooperating with customers to verify the folding screen, and the overall progress is smooth, which is ready for mass production of new models.

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Huawei Digitalization： From China Manufacturing to China Creation

Author Wang Yi

Produce a digital newspaper

When people think of Huawei, most of the labels they think of are made in China, chips, HarmonyOS, Huawei Cloud and so on.

Since its establishment in 1987, it entered the Fortune Global 500 for the first time with the ranking of 397th in 2010, becoming the only Fortune Global 500 company that has not been listed. By 2021, it has become the 44th Fortune Global 500 company and a giant that has been admired by China and even the world. The rapid rise of Huawei has attracted worldwide attention.

From the standpoint of reality, Huawei is indeed a successful enterprise. But when it was first established, it was just a small company in a dilapidated factory building in Shekou, Shenzhen, with a registered capital of only 21,000 yuan, and its main business was telecom equipment trade.

For more than 30 years, Huawei, like other enterprises, has been lost on the road of digital transformation; Different from other enterprises, in the current digital age, Huawei is no longer the enterprise that is struggling to walk on the road of digital transformation, but has turned into a "guide" on the road of digital transformation.

In 2018, Huawei followed the pace of the times and upgraded the company’s mission vision to "bring the digital world to everyone, every family and every organization, and build a smart world with the Internet of Everything".

Today, Huawei Cloud has become the second largest cloud service provider in China, and has become a solid base and assistant for the digital transformation of enterprises. From 20,000 yuan to trillions of market value, from a "second-hand trafficker" to a multinational giant, from a lost person on the road of digital transformation to a guide on the road of digital transformation, this role change is driven by Huawei’s own transformative power, and it is also a perfect answer sheet handed over under its digital transformation.

In the development of Huawei, digital transformation plays a very significant role in its important development period.

In essence, Huawei is a traditional enterprise. Unlike the BATZ Internet giant, Huawei itself has no genes of the Internet, and it has explored its own digital road step by step from traditional enterprises. Practice produces true knowledge, and the practical path of successful digital transformation is always much more useful than "digital experts" on paper. The experience of Huawei’s digital transformation is worth learning and learning from all enterprises.

So, how did Huawei put the digital transformation to the ground? What is the relationship between Huawei’s success and digital transformation?

First, informatization, the establishment of a fast runway

In 1987, Ren Zhengfei and five partners jointly invested 20,000 yuan to establish Huawei. During this period, Huawei mainly adopted the following strategy in product development strategy, first acting as an agent for products of Hong Kong companies, and then gradually evolved into a centralized strategy for independent product development. In the market competition strategy, we adopt the sales strategy of continuous development and production of a single product and encircling the city from the countryside, seize the market quickly through low-cost ways, expand the market share and expand the scale of the company.

1987-1997 was a period of strategic transformation for Huawei from "trade technology" to "technology industry and trade".

In 1991, Huawei began to design its own chips based on the demand of products. In 1992, it invested tens of millions of yuan in research and development. At the end of 1993, it successfully made the first chip, namely ASIC chip for C&C08 switch.

In 1994, Huawei successfully designed more than 30 chips. Among them, the most complex chip design accommodates more than 10 million transistors, and each chip can complete 32,000 telephone users’ non-blocking calls.

In this process, Huawei’s customers and businesses are all in China. With the increase of business volume, the management system can’t keep up with the development needs. So in 1992, Huawei began to develop its own management information system to replace the traditional manual business process, thus realizing local business automation.

At the same time, Huawei recognizes that introducing mature IT products and technologies to implement IT solutions can reduce investment risks and shorten the return period of investment. The complexITy of enterprise management software makes enterprises rely on their own strength to develop, which is very uneconomical in time, personnel and financial resources, so it is necessary to adopt the strategy of "introduction and management" to implement IT solutions.

So in 1994, when the local small application software independently developed by Huawei could no longer support the business, Huawei began to build the MRPII(Manufacture Resource Plan) system, that is, the manufacturing resource plan. It is a planning and control mode of production management, which is regarded as a standard management tool because of its remarkable benefits and is widely adopted by the world manufacturing industry.

Huawei finally chose the MRPII product of Oracle in the United States through software inspection and selection. Huawei is the first enterprise in China to adopt MRPII management mode, one or two years earlier than Lenovo. Lenovo’s MRPII system and OA system were built in 1996.

In 1995, Huawei OA system began to be built. At the end of the same year, Huawei introduced NOTES groupware system.

NOTES groupware system connects different users, especially users in different departments within the enterprise, through the network, thus improving the production efficiency. E-mail is a function of groupware, which encourages users to communicate and coordinate activities with each other. All users who enter the groupware system can communicate with each other in a timely and interactive manner, and transmit various messages, such as sound, graphics and video images.

In 1996, as the earliest user of ORACLE MRPII software in China, Huawei launched version R10.6, selected 13 core and basic functional modules, and realized "financial and business integration".

According to the independence of MRPII application system business, Huawei’s MRPII application system is divided into seven application environments: Huawei running environment (HW-CRP), Xinhua running environment (NHW-CRP), ring communication running environment (GT_CRP), Hong Kong Huawei running environment (HKHW-CRP), Huawei communication running environment (MBC-CRP) and Huawei testing environment (HW-CRP).

Huawei’s implementation of MRPII is very effective. At the initial stage of introduction, MRPII method has been applied in departmental business. For example, in the production planning management, according to the principle of MRPII, rolling backward and material demand analysis methods have been adopted, and good results have been achieved. The turnover rate of production inventory has increased from 2 to 3 times in the past year to 5 times.

With the comprehensive application and practice of MRPII timely production and process optimization, the production cycle of exchange equipment has been reduced from one month in the past to half a month.

In 1996, Huawei established the intranet and central database, and formed many new working methods on the basis of it. Advanced information technology makes Huawei’s operation more efficient. Employees and departments can communicate and exchange needed goods by visiting each other’s databases, web pages and bulletin boards.

It is more convenient to collect, archive and manage information, and it is very fast to retrieve and consult. The flow of information in an organization has become very rich, accurate and timely through the internal Internet.Convenient information collection and dissemination has improved Huawei’s organizational innovation and responsiveness, and the middle layer has been cut, which makes it possible to flatten the organization.

Through the first stage of information construction, Huawei’s business development bid farewell to inefficient manual work and established an information fast runway. The advantages of management informatization have laid the foundation for Huawei’s future electronic process management and full integration with IT.

Second, IPD went online and headed for "customer-centric"

In 1997, Huawei’s sales revenue was 4.1 billion yuan, ranking among the top 10 in China’s top 100 electronic companies, with more than 5,600 employees.

Some hidden problems are gradually exposed.

"When I first started my business, I was actually alone, and then some people kept coming in. There were no rules at all. For example, if I say, "How much salary do you get?", it’s settled. Of course, it will benefit some people and hurt some people. With the growing size of the company, it is necessary to draft a lot of documents to standardize the company, but I have no ability to draft documents. Personally, I am engaged in technical work in the army and have never been engaged in management work. However, we have to move forward, so we have drafted many documents, but we feel that these documents are not standardized, which is not conducive to Huawei’s growth into a big company. " Ren Zhengfei said.

In terms of R&D, Huawei didn’t have a mature R&D process and decision-making mechanism at that time, which led the marketing department to promise customers’ needs at random, and the R&D department was in a hurry to cope with it, and the products made were repeatedly revised. At one time, the company’s product version number was more than 1,000, which was chaotic in management and extremely inefficient.

One set of data is that Huawei invests 10% of its sales in product research and development every year, but the waste ratio of research and development expenses and product development cycle are more than twice the best level in the industry. Although Huawei’s sales have increased year after year, its gross profit margin has decreased year by year, and its per capita benefit is only 1/3 to 1/6 of that of Cisco and IBM.

Huawei awarded the "Golden Raspberry Award" to the R&D department and product line at the annual summary meeting of 10,000 people one year. Many products that were designed by R&D but not recognized by the market and directly turned into dead materials in the warehouse were sent to the R&D department leaders and product line directors in the form of "certificates".

At that time, many "innovative products" were blindly innovative from the source, and the product development process was to repeatedly do one thing at a low level, but it could not be done well at once. No matter the function, performance, product quality or product launch cycle, the developed products can not meet the requirements of customers. This has caused a lot of investment waste to the company, and the failed products have also greatly hit the R&D morale. Behind the seemingly prosperous, Huawei is beset with internal crises.

Obviously, the technology-centered approach can no longer be used, and it needs to be transformed into a customer-centered strategic positioning. How to make this increasingly large team achieve efficient cooperation is a difficult problem for Ren Zhengfei.

In 1998, Ren Zhengfei filled his pocket with $50,000 and embarked on a flight to the United States. This was later regarded as a great step for Huawei’s digitalization. In the United States, Ren Zhengfei found his own he is my brother-IBM. At that time, Louis Guo Shina had just completed drastic reforms and saved the huge IBM from the quagmire.

IBM’s path is obviously the template for Ren Zhengfei’s trip.At that time, Ren Zhengfei made up his mind that no matter how much time, money and energy he spent, Huawei should learn this set of things.

In the same year, on August 29th, 50 IBM consultants in suits and ties entered Huawei. Vowed to complete a series of major management reform projects within five years, such as integrated product development reform (IPD), integrated supply chain service reform (ISC), integrated financial service reform (IFS), and lead-to-return marketing reform (LTC).

Taking IPD as the breakthrough point, Huawei applied Product Data Management (PDM), which effectively integrated the company’s professional tools. Manage the final data generated by these tools, so that all product-related information and data can flow effectively throughout the company.

Practice has proved that through the introduction of IPD,On the one hand, the research and development cycle of Huawei products is shortened by half, and the failure rate is reduced by more than 95%; On the other hand, due to the full implementation of this standardized, digital and global asynchronous collaborative product development process and management system.

Third, create an "end-to-end" and globalize the layout of the delivery process

In 2002, shortly after the bursting of the Internet bubble, the global telecommunications market was in a state of decline. The domestic market share of Huawei’s mainstream products has exceeded 40%. For a customer, when choosing a supplier, one monopoly will not be allowed, because one monopoly is very unfavorable for risk prevention in the supply chain and business negotiations, and will be kidnapped by suppliers.

Therefore, Huawei’s growth in the traditional domestic market is weak.

The 2G wireless communication market that Huawei is eager to break through is firmly controlled by powerful international giants such as Ericsson and Nokia, and Huawei has encountered a "ceiling" of growth.

Although Huawei took the lead in developing 3G products among domestic manufacturers, due to various reasons such as shrinking investment, immature industrial chain and unclear 3G standards, domestic 3G licenses have been delayed. After waiting for 3 years, it was the listing of PHS.

This backward PHS wireless technology, with an average annual equipment market scale of about 20 billion yuan, has been built for four years. Together with the supporting mobile phone terminal market (about 20 billion yuan per year), it has expanded Huawei’s largest domestic competitors UT Starcom and ZTE, and they have used their profits to tackle 3G problems and promote overseas markets, and the gap with Huawei has gradually narrowed.

At the same time, important internal executives of Huawei "left" and took away more than 600 R&D backbones. Harbor Network Co., Ltd., which was formed by them, also entered the ranks of Huawei competitors.

In 2002, Huawei’s IPD management reform entered the deep water period, and the pain of reform intensified, but the financial results did not show. This year, Huawei experienced negative growth in history for the first time.

To make matters worse, at this time, Huawei had just occupied the beachhead position of "Asia, Africa and Latin America" in overseas markets, and international rival Cisco began to accuse Huawei of infringing its intellectual property rights in an attempt to stop Huawei’s overseas progress.

In front of Huawei, there is only one way to go, and that is to vigorously expand overseas markets.

Ren Zhengfei once admitted that if Huawei does not make its products cover the whole world as soon as possible, it will be a waste of investment and a loss of opportunities. He believes that we can’t wait until there is no problem before attacking, but we should be familiar with the market, win the market, and train and bring up cadres in the fight of overseas markets. If we can’t build an international team within three to five years, once the China market is saturated, Huawei will do nothing.

Since 2005, Huawei has sounded the charge for developed markets and strategic customers.

In this process, Huawei actively responded to the ISC reform and played a huge role in the face of the surge in overseas business and ensuring the large-scale and low-cost supply and delivery of overseas business. ISC reform extracts the common parts of supply chain processes into shared platforms, conducts centralized management, obtains cost advantages, standardizes digital platforms, and extends integrated supply chain processes to the whole world.

After three years’ efforts, the timely delivery rate of Huawei’s supply chain has increased from 20% at the beginning of management reform to 85%, and the processing efficiency of the supply chain has increased by 35%, ranking among the most efficient enterprises in the information and communication industry worldwide.

Therefore, international customers have full confidence in the quality and innovation of Huawei’s products, which has promoted Huawei to quickly open up a new situation in the international market, and enabled Huawei’s overseas business to quickly achieve a breakthrough in which more than 75% of its sales revenue came from overseas in 2008.

In 2009, Huawei became the second largest supplier in the field of communication in the world with an innovative record of annual sales of $30 billion.

There is a passage in the famous biographer Stefan Zweig’s masterpiece "When the Stars Shine": "A real moment with world historical significance, before a shining moment of human stars appears, there will inevitably be a long time passing away unnecessarily …"

The same is true of enterprise reform. Fortunately, when people talk about Huawei now, its IT architecture changes have made it a shining star.

Fourth, IT2.0 cloud strategy, enter the cloud computing

Walk from behind the scenes to the stage.

In 2010, in order to meet the challenge of global telecom demand becoming saturated and the arrival of big data wave, Huawei actively adjusted its product development strategy and focused on investing in strategic product areas such as 5G R&D and cloud computing. At the end of 2010, Huawei launched the "Yun Fan Plan" and officially announced its entry into cloud computing.

However, after more than 20 years of development, Huawei’s product research and development has moved from following imitation to international advanced, and from international advanced to global leading. It is an essential change of the innovation model for enterprises to move from followers to leaders, which means that Huawei must explore the future direction by itself, instead of catching up with others quickly.

In addition, the business growth of Huawei operators is slow, and the business scale of enterprises is small.

As a result, Huawei has placed strategic growth opportunities in the consumer business represented by smart phones. In order to promote the growth of consumer business, Huawei formally established three BG consumer businesses: operators, enterprises and consumers in 2011, and released the strategy of "cloud management".

At the same time, Huawei set up the 2012 laboratory to conduct basic original research, set up R&D centers in many countries and cities with intensive technical talents around the world, and recruited cutting-edge scientists, mathematicians and aestheticians in various fields around the world.

In the following years, Huawei launched a series of products and solutions based on cloud computing, and its servers, storage and distributed cloud data centers have accumulated a lot of user bases. The data shows that at present, Huawei has built more than 400 data centers around the world, including 120 cloud data centers.

However, at that time, Huawei’s role in the cloud computing market has always been a solution provider and belongs to the "behind-the-scenes hero".

But this situation changed soon.

On April 17, 2018, at the 15th Global Analyst Conference with the theme of "Building a Smart World with the Internet of Everything" held in Shenzhen. Focusing on ICT infrastructure and intelligent terminals, Huawei is determined to be a pioneer in the intelligent world, fully introducing artificial intelligence technology, enhancing the competitiveness of product solutions from all levels of cloud, management and end, and providing customers with a better experience. Xu Zhijun finally mentioned that at this Huawei Connect conference, Huawei will officially release a full-stack, full-scenario artificial intelligence solution.

At this point, Huawei officially stepped forward and entered the dispute with China’s cloud computing.

According to the data recently released by IDC, the public cloud market of China’s big data platform will reach 3.37 billion yuan in 2021, with Alibaba Cloud, Amazon Cloud Technology and Huawei Cloud among the top three.

Huawei’s digital transformation is a typical example of China manufacturing rushing to China to create.

After more than 30 years of hard work, Huawei started with digital management and built a management system dominated by process optimization, constantly optimizing non-value-added processes and value-added processes. Based on this,It has realized the transformation from communication to intelligent terminals, to cloud computing, smart cars and other industrial chains. It is the first batch of enterprises in China to complete digitalization, and it is also a model for most enterprises in China to carry out digital transformation management system.

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China National Intellectual Property Administration： China has 14.3 invention patents per 10,000 population.

　　China National Intellectual Property Administration released the latest data today (9th), showing that in the first half of 2020, there were 683,000 invention patent applications in China; A total of 217,000 invention patents were authorized. Among them, 176,000 domestic invention patents were authorized. In the domestic invention patent authorization, there are 169,000 service inventions, accounting for 96.0%; There were 7,000 off-duty inventions, accounting for 4.0%.

　　By the end of June 2020, the effective number of invention patents in China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) was 1.996 million, and the number of invention patents per 10,000 population reached 14.3. In the first half of the year, the top three provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China were: Beijing (141.5), Shanghai (56.1) and Jiangsu (31.9).

　　In the first half of the year, a total of 29,500 PCT international patent applications were accepted, up 22.6% year-on-year. Among them, there were 26,800 pieces in China, a year-on-year increase of 20.7%. In the first half of the year, the top three provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in PCT international patent applications were: Guangdong (11,000), Beijing (3,800) and Jiangsu (3,300).

　　In the first half of 2020, the number of trademark applications in China was 4.284 million; The number of registered trademarks was 2.629 million. By the end of June 2020, the number of valid registered trademarks in China was 27.414 million.

　　In the first half of this year, 3,875 applications for international registration of Madrid trademarks were received from China applicants, with a year-on-year increase of 36.0%. By the end of June 2020, the effective number of international registrations of Madrid trademarks of Chinese applicants was 41,000.

　　In the first half of 2020, the national patent and trademark pledge amount was 85.3 billion yuan, up 45% year-on-year, and the number of pledged projects was 4,678, up 52% year-on-year. Among them, the amount of patent pledge was 65.1 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 61%, and the number of pledged projects was 4171, a year-on-year increase of 54%; The total amount of trademark pledge was 20.2 billion yuan, up 8.8% year-on-year, and the number of pledged projects was 507, up 34% year-on-year.

　　In the first half of 2020, the statistical data mainly showed four characteristics: the overall situation of domestic patent and trademark applications was stable, the status of domestic enterprises as the main body of patent applications was continuously consolidated, the scale of the use of special geographical indications was gradually expanded, and the overseas intellectual property distribution of market players was developing steadily. (CCTV reporter Wang Wei)

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Resume： Lan Tianli

　　Lan Tianli, male, Zhuang nationality, born in October 1962, from Hechi, Guangxi, joined the work in February 1980, and joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in June 1985. He graduated from Beihang University, majoring in management science and engineering, with a postgraduate degree, a doctor in management and an associate researcher.

　　1980— 1983 Teacher of Shibie Primary School, Longan Primary School and Tangli Primary School in Yishan County, Guangxi

　　1983— In 1987, he studied physics in the Physics Department of Guangxi University for Nationalities.

　　1987— In 1992, officer, clerk and deputy director of the Science and Technology Commission of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.

　　1992— 1998 Deputy Director and Investigator of High-tech Department of Science and Technology Commission of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

　　1998— 2003 Deputy Director of Science and Technology Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Member of Party Group, Vice Chairman of Association for Science and Technology of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (concurrently in January 2002)

　　（1996— In 1999, he studied political economy in the Department of Economics of Guangxi University; 2002.03— 2002.07 Western Class of Central Party School)

　　2003— Director of Science and Technology Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 2007, Party Secretary, Vice Chairman of Association for Science and Technology of Guangxi Autonomous Region (concurrently), Chairman and Dean of Guangxi Branch of China Science and Technology Development Institute (concurrently in March 2006)

　　（2002— In 2007, the School of Economics and Management of Beihang University studied in-service graduate students majoring in management science and engineering, and obtained a doctorate in management; 2006— In 2007, he studied at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore and obtained a master’s degree in public administration)

　　2007— 2008 Deputy Secretary and Mayor of Hechi Municipal Committee of Guangxi

　　2008— 2011 Secretary of Hechi Municipal Committee of Guangxi and Director of the Standing Committee of Municipal People’s Congress (during this period: March 2010.03— 2010.07 Central Party School Training Course for Young and Middle-aged Cadres)

　　2011— In 2015, Vice Chairman of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Government, Member of Party Group, Secretary of Hechi Municipal Committee, Director of the Standing Committee of Municipal People’s Congress (until December 2011), Director of the Office of Planning and Construction Management Committee of Beibu Gulf (Guangxi) Economic Zone, Secretary of Party Group (2011— Concurrently in 2013), Director of the Management Committee of Pingxiang Comprehensive Bonded Zone and Secretary of the Party Working Committee (2011— Concurrently in 2013), director of China-Malaysia Qinzhou Industrial Park Management Committee and secretary of the Party Working Committee (October 2012.10— 2013.04 concurrently)

　　2015— In 2016, he was a member of the Standing Committee of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Party Committee, Vice Chairman of the Autonomous Region Government and Party Group.

　　2016— In 2018, he was a member of the Standing Committee of the Party Committee of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, vice chairman of the autonomous region government, deputy secretary of the party group, and president of Guangxi Administration College (concurrently)

　　2018— October 2020 Chairman of the Political Consultative Conference of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Party Secretary, Dean of Guangxi Administration College (concurrently)

　　From October 2020 to January 2021, he served as Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Vice Chairman and Acting Chairman of the Autonomous Region, Chairman of the Political Consultative Conference of the Autonomous Region, Party Secretary, and Dean of Guangxi Administration College (concurrently)

　　January 2021-Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chairman of the Autonomous Region Government

　　Alternate member of the 18th and 19th Central Committee. Deputies to the 11th National People’s Congress. Member of the 9th, 10th and 11th Party Committee of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Representatives of the 10th, 11th, 12th and 13th People’s Congress of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Member of the 12th Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Committee of CPPCC.

　　(Resume source: Comprehensive Guangxi Daily and other information)

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Press conference on the outline of the ＂14 th Five-Year Plan＂

On March 25th, the Information Office of the provincial government held a press conference to release the Outline of the 14th Five-year Plan for National Economic and Social Development in Hunan Province and the Long-term Objectives for the Year 2035 (hereinafter referred to as the Outline).

This is the first five-year plan for our province to start a new journey of modernization, and it is the action program for the common struggle of Hunan people. How to draft and compile the Outline? How to describe Hunan’s "14th Five-Year Plan"? Zhou Haibing, Party Secretary of the Provincial Development and Reform Commission, introduced the relevant situation.

Compilation of scientific democracy: nearly 110,000 words, lasting 22 months, involving 33 departments.

The "Outline" was officially started in April 2019 and completed in one year and ten months. It consists of 10 articles, 39 chapters and 128 sections, with more than 190 pages and nearly 110,000 words. "Gather people’s wisdom and consensus to ensure the establishment of scientific democracy." Zhou Haibing said.

The provincial party committee and government attached great importance to the preparation of the 14th Five-Year Plan, and set up a leading group for the coordination of the preparation of the 14th Five-Year Plan, in which 33 departments participated. The Standing Committee of the Provincial Party Committee, the Party Committee of the provincial government and the Standing Committee of the provincial government will include the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" as an important topic.

Xu Dazhe, secretary of the provincial party committee, made many special studies, and made the general requirements of "adhering to political guidance, strategic orientation, strengthening strategic thinking, maintaining strategic strength, and strengthening strategic coordination to ensure the preparation of a high-quality plan that implements the central government’s deployment, conforms to Hunan’s reality, reflects people’s expectations, and leads future development".

Governor Mao Weiming presided over a series of symposiums for deputies, academicians, experts, entrepreneurs, provincial veteran comrades, democratic parties, federations of industry and commerce, personages without party affiliation and city governors, and fully listened to opinions and suggestions.

The compilation of the "Outline" always pays attention to the unification of strengthening the top-level design and insisting on asking questions for the people, and promoting the compilation of the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" is in line with the people’s thoughts and expectations.

The provincial government has set up a "14th Five-Year Plan" expert committee composed of 41 experts to carry out consultation and demonstration. The provincial government portal, the provincial development and Reform Commission portal and WeChat WeChat official account set up columns to carry out planning suggestions and suggestions, and solicit opinions from all walks of life through multiple channels.

Focusing on the key areas and links of economic and social development, the provincial development and reform commission has formed 35 major topics and preliminary research results such as the "Basic Ideas" for the development of the 14 th Five-Year Plan, and actively planned major reforms, major policies and major engineering projects in the 14 th Five-Year Plan. Docking with a number of provincial departments and bureaus, covering 14 cities and States to investigate and listen to opinions and suggestions.

In January this year, the provincial "14 th Five-Year Plan" expert Committee reviewed and demonstrated the Outline. Feedback and suggestions from all sides will be fully absorbed by improving the text of the Outline, including major projects and deepening special planning, so as to ensure that the Outline truly gathers people’s wisdom, accepts people’s opinions and gathers people’s hearts.

Start a new journey: focus on building "eight modern new Hunan" and strive to achieve seven "more"

The "14th Five-Year Plan" period is the beginning of building socialist modernization in an all-round way. The development of our province faces both great historical opportunities and many risk challenges. How to ensure a good start in the construction of a modern new Hunan? The "Outline" seeks the overall situation and draws a path, and proposes to focus on building "eight modern new Hunan".

Implement the strategy of "three highs and four innovations" and focus on building a modern new Hunan supported by "three highlands". Gather strength to build an important national advanced manufacturing highland, a scientific and technological innovation highland with core competitiveness, and a highland for reform and opening up in inland areas.

Focus on building a modern new Hunan with coordinated regional development. Based on the whole country, Hunan will be built into a strategic cooperation zone in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, an efficient economic belt with close cooperation in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, an important growth pole for the rise of the central region, and a two-way channel for land and sea economic exchanges in the west; Based on the whole province, promote the formation of "one core, two pairs, three belts and four districts" pattern; Enlarge and strengthen the modern metropolitan area of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan, and optimize the formation of a new urban pattern of "one circle, one group and many points".

Focus on building a modern new Hunan that is fully integrated into the new development pattern. Build a smooth and efficient market system, grasp investment and promote consumption, and make our province an important node of the domestic big cycle and the domestic and international double cycle. Coordinate the construction of new and traditional infrastructure and create "five networks"-comprehensive transportation network, energy security network, water security network, logistics transportation network and new infrastructure.

Focus on building a modern new Hunan with rural revitalization. Carry out the "Six Strong Agriculture" action, promote the safety project of grain and seed industry, build a modern agricultural industrial system, production system and management system, and accelerate the leap from a large agricultural province to a strong agricultural province. We will carry out rural construction, deepen the reform of rural land system and collective property right system, increase the investment in agriculture, rural areas and farmers, realize the effective connection between consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, and build beautiful countryside.

Focus on building a modern new Hunan where man and nature coexist harmoniously. Adhere to the principle of "joint protection and no development", put the restoration of the ecological environment of the Yangtze River in an overwhelming position, unremittingly fight the tough battle against water, gas and soil pollution, and protect "one river, one lake and four waters". Coordinate the management of lake and grass system in landscape forest fields and strengthen the construction of ecological functional areas. Implement the national action plan for carbon emission peaking, and comprehensively advocate green production methods and lifestyles. Deepen the reform of ecological civilization system, establish a mechanism to realize the value of ecological products, and build a beautiful Hunan.

Focus on building a modern new Hunan with an all-round improvement in people’s livelihood and well-being. Adhere to the people as the center, plan and implement a number of key livelihood projects around strengthening employment and entrepreneurship, promoting education modernization, building a healthy Hunan, improving social security, promoting balanced population development, and improving residents’ income level, and strive to solve the problem of people’s "urgent difficulties and worries".

Focus on building a modern new Hunan with cultural integrity and innovation. Culture is Hunan’s business card. The Outline adheres to the guidance of cultural integrity and innovation and the guidance of advanced socialist culture, promotes red culture and excellent Huxiang culture, improves social civilization, prospers cultural undertakings, expands cultural industries, builds a global tourism base, further enhances the soft power and influence of Huxiang culture, and accelerates the construction of a strong cultural province.

Focus on building a modern new Hunan with social security. We will comprehensively promote governance according to law, comprehensively strengthen social governance, comprehensively guarantee security and stability, and comprehensively improve emergency response capabilities. We will make safe development run through all areas and the whole process of the province’s development, transform institutional advantages into quality and efficiency to promote the province’s high-quality development, and build a higher level of safe Hunan.

The "Outline" defines the main goal of building a modern new Hunan. By 2025, Hunan will strive to achieve seven "more"-better economic results, stronger innovation ability, deeper reform and opening up, higher civilization, more beautiful ecological environment, better quality of life and better governance efficiency; By 2035, it is necessary to basically build a strong economic province, a strong science and education province, a strong cultural province, an open province and a healthy Hunan, basically realize the beautiful vision of a rich, beautiful and happy new Hunan and basically realize socialist modernization.

It has both the characteristics of the times and Hunan: standing high, observing the general trend, and focusing on "six manifestations"

The Outline is a strategic map, which guides Hunan to take advantage of the situation to start a new journey of building socialist modernization in an all-round way and March towards the goal of the second century. Zhou Haibing said that the "Outline" takes a high position and looks at the general trend, fully demonstrating the characteristics of the times and Hunan characteristics.

The "Outline" embodies the characteristics of the times in the new stage of development. The spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee and the spirit of the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader’s inspection of Hunan’s important speech run through the whole chapter and process of the "Outline". Carefully compare the "Proposal" of the provincial party committee, and implement the major tasks, major initiatives and major actions specified in the "Proposal".

Reflecting the regional orientation in the new development pattern, the "Outline" insists on highlighting Hunan’s regional advantages in integrating into the "two cycles", based on "One Belt and One Department", docking the national regional strategy, making overall plans for regional layout, and showing new responsibilities in promoting the rise of the central region and the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.

Reflect the forging long board in the development of high quality, make up the short board, adhere to the priority development of advantageous areas and advantageous fields, gather together to create "three highlands" and give full play to Hunan’s advantages; Adhere to the problem orientation, focus on solving the problem of insufficient imbalance, and continue to fill the shortcomings.

Reflect the inherent requirements of the new development concept, adhere to the system concept in accordance with the five development concepts of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing, and strive to organically unify the development speed, quality, efficiency and safety.

Reflect the main support for economic stability and progress, take the real economy and new urbanization as the two major supports for the development of our province during the 14 th Five-Year Plan, tap the development potential in depth and form new growth points.

Reflect the public interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, effectively solve the employment, education, medical care, old-age care, social security, emergency, security and other issues that the people are concerned about, solidly promote common prosperity, and continuously enhance the people’s sense of acquisition, happiness and security.

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No kebab shop is perfect.

People who are traveling or working in other places will occasionally have a subtle psychology when eating barbecue. Simply put, it is: "I can’t figure out why there is no such thing?"

"This" refers to something from snacks to big food. It’s delicious to simply bake it, but it’s not on the barbecue stall here.

Of course, there are some foods with local characteristics that local people can figure out, such as roasted milk tofu and dried apricots in Inner Mongolia and roasted melons in Yunnan. But some universal foods are not used as kebabs, so it always feels incredible. Take butter, for example. Where is it? But Hunan people can make roasted butter into a special feature of Xiangxi skewers.

The tip of the chicken wings and the treasure in the palm that southerners like are moved up to the thicker roast chicken wings in the north … Since the wings of the chicken have been broken, why only keep its biceps brachii, and why not roast the tip of the chicken wings separately? I don’t understand　

Barbecue is the most primitive cooking method of human beings, unlike famous dishes from all over the world, which need to be passed down by chefs. Most of us have the first impression of barbecue, that is, the stall in front of our house. Simply baking it and brushing the seasoning can appease the young taste buds. So I preconceived that barbecues should be the same everywhere. Even if you don’t have any favorite ingredients, just tell your boss that it should be ready in two days.

When I grew up and "wandered" to other cities, I found that there were many barbecue sects in various places, and the difference was too great. A Guizhou native said that he thought that all the places ate broken ears, baked potatoes, and dipped them in dip with broken ears.

But the reality is cruel, this wonderful food is rejected by many people, and the barbecue stall owner who opens the door to do business is even more afraid to expect it, and is good at providing it. One more thing is better than one less thing.

There is also the local litsea oil, which has a special fragrance similar to the combination of pepper and ginger. Eat sour soup rice at the barbecue stall and drop a few drops. This meal is complete. He once ordered a kebab at his home in Beijing and dropped a little on it himself, but it didn’t taste like that.

Muttered with colleagues: "It’s obviously very simple. Why don’t you just buy some folded ears in the store and cut them?"

A colleague from Sichuan, a neighboring province, told him: "These two things taste too remote, and it is easy to understand if they are not cooked in other provinces. Last time I went to Hangzhou on business, I asked my boss if he had baked konjac at midnight. The boss’s eyes are wide open. Can that thing be baked? "

He is also full of grievances, and he looks at the menu. Apart from meat or meat, in fact, he simply needs to put on a large piece of konjac with two bamboo sticks, put it on the fire, sprinkle some ingredients, and eat it when the temperature is up.

When eating, it’s just like eating a hot tongue, and it doesn’t gain weight. Why isn’t there a barbecue stall outside? And ribs, why can’t they be baked with green peppers? He didn’t think that such a large piece of ingredients as konjac would cost an extra piece to string together, which would lead to high cost over time and not be able to sell like meat. Northeast China and North China are rich in meat sources and good in meat quality. Red meat alone can be divided into crisp bones, meat tendons, plate tendons, kebabs, oily edges, chest, heart-protecting meat and many other points. The boss doesn’t have to go to so much trouble to make a bunch of trivial vegetarian dishes.

As for the double peaks of green peppers and ribs, it is a common sight for Sichuanese. On the other hand, it seems that the boss has a bad mind in order to reduce costs: "It is obvious that there can be eight pieces of meat on a string, and now half of them are replaced with green peppers!"

These seem completely negligible in business, and the subtle differences are very different on everyone’s tongue.

Linyi said: Before she went to Beijing, the definition of barbecue was fried skewers with pancakes, grilled starfish, and baked hairy eggs that her mother took her to a stall and ate around a small stove. Hairy eggs and live beads are not suitable for pictures, and some places, such as Nanjing, like them very much. People who don’t love them are scared to death when they hear that there are half-formed chickens in them. This classmate said: when I have money, I must open a pure barbecue restaurant in our hometown, and people who can’t eat baked eggs are not allowed to enter.

There are also stone eggs, also called real eggs, which are made by opening a small hole in the egg, pouring out the contents, stirring evenly like coffee, adding edible alkali like coffee with sugar, and continuing to stir evenly, so that the egg will turn pale green, then pouring the stirred egg liquid into the egg shell, and a cup of egg kabuqi (shi) will be finished, then steaming and solidifying, and then baking on the shelf.

Like the roast chicken rack, all the local people are in full swing, but the food is not popular all over the country.

Northeasters can’t get used to barbecues without dried tofu in the south. There are too many kinds of bean products in the barbecue stalls in the south, such as vegetarian chicken, thick bean skin, wrapped bean curd, etc., which are roasted with fire, and what you want is the feeling that it tastes like meat but not meat.

Dried tofu can only be sidelined. Southerners will think it is too thin and dry. Barbecue stalls were originally not made. Later, because of the large population circulation between the north and the south, it was crept on the menu. However, if dried tofu is not brushed with thick sauce, it will taste a little less charming.

The joys and sorrows of human beings are not interlinked, and so is their knowledge. What is taken for granted in one place becomes "inexplicable surprise" in another place.

In A String of Life, Chongqing’s roasted brain flowers and Xuzhou’s roasted sheep’s eyes are also counted as "dark dishes", which makes people all over the country feel "incredibly wild". People in Sichuan and Chongqing and Xuzhou only think that they are noisy.

People in Sichuan and Chongqing still eat rabbits. What’s surprising about brain flowers? So they can’t press the table. When Xuzhou people go to other places to eat barbecue, they will sigh like plum blossoms, one sigh that there is no roasted sheep ball, the other sigh that there is no roasted sheep eye, and the third sigh that it is not suitable for handmade noodles. Xuzhou has the habit of eating sheep, and the whole dog days last for more than a month, which is the Fu Yang Festival. I was fascinated by eating sheep. It was a pity that so many sheep only made mutton soup, so they pondered the barbecue.

The barbecue is more finely divided, just like Chaoshan people eat beef in countless parts. In addition to sheep balls and sheep eyes, the local barbecue shop also has a stretched belly of sheep, which is the meat near the ribs of sheep, which has both muscle, lean meat and fat, and is delicious in three. Xuzhou people are located in the north and south, and their eating habits are mixed with rice and flour. Barbecue with handmade noodles or steamed buns is a matter of course, as if the barbecue in the world should be eaten like this, and people in South China will feel choked.

Chongqing people don’t understand why foreigners don’t eat roasted skin (more recently), and Yunnan people don’t understand the absence of roast chicken tendons. What everyone thinks is: "It’s obvious that it’s enough to put it on the fire. Why don’t foreign barbecue shops sell it, even if they have a chat?"

Some people have begun experiments to eliminate these inconspicuous but crucial differences. Now, roasted butter has been popularized in first-tier cities, and roasted skin has also radiated outward along the periphery of Chongqing. Of course, the farthest one must be the northeast barbecue. Recently, in Shenzhen, I ate a good Qiqihar barbecue, an iron plate with pork belly, beef, sauerkraut, peanuts and Chili powder.

The boss is from the northeast and asked him how he thought of opening this store. He said, "The seafood barbecue here is not delicious. I thought, barbecue should be like my home, so I just opened one. "

The story of Hegang skewers in Beijing is similar. Hegang barbecue is mainly made of cattle, with small pieces of meat, and the characteristic is "medium rare". When the local school was over, the chef of kebabs began to open and sold them to students, who didn’t have any pocket money, so the meat slices were cut thin and small.

When Hegang people arrived in Beijing, how do you think the beef here is cut into such a big piece? It’s not tasty yet There are few kinds. The local kinds are raw tendons, cooked tendons, plank tendons, meat tendons, bright tendons, beef heart tube, beef chest, beef bone marrow, beef slices and beef tendon … The fineness is also catching up with Chaoshan beef pot.

The same idea: "The barbecue should be like my home." Later, Hegang people simply drove themselves.

If we want to combine the imagination of people from all over the world about barbecue shops, we will make a perfect barbecue shop. Stocking should be like this: master Xinjiang is in charge of docking excellent meat sources, master Xuzhou is in charge of distributing mutton, master Hegang is in charge of distributing beef, master Sichuan or Chongqing is in charge of pork (mainly dealing with fat intestines and brain flowers, as well as pig meat in Liangshan), and another master Yunnan is in charge of roasting chicken skin, chicken feet, chicken tendons and bean products, and learning from Mala Tang Store to purchase vegetarian chicken, tofu skin, dried orchids, chiba tofu, dried tofu and konjac. Vegetarian dishes such as leeks, cauliflower, eggplant, potatoes, lotus root slices, Flammulina velutipes, green peppers and rice cakes can satisfy 90% of China diners.

As for the grilled seafood, then give it to the Guangdong master.

However, this seasoning is difficult. Some people want to eat pickled meat, some like fresh meat, and some people like spicy and cumin. The spicy taste in Sichuan, Chongqing and Yunnan is different. Northeastern people prefer sweet and spicy and brush sauce, and the dip is unique and elegant. Fuzhou people’s barbecue also has a red bad taste. It is also difficult to match the staple food. Xi ‘an people’s steamed buns, Xuzhou people’s boiled buns, Shandong people’s pancakes, and northeast baked wheat cakes are all eaten with barbecue and have to be imported from different places.

Obviously a very simple thing, away from home, is not. This is the meaning of hometown and the reason why there is no perfect barbecue restaurant in the world.

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In the first four months, the cumulative turnover in the foreign exchange market was 80.29 trillion yuan.

　　CCTV News:According to the data of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, the total turnover of China’s foreign exchange market in April was 20.14 trillion yuan.

　　January — In April, China’s foreign exchange market totaled 80.29 trillion yuan. China’s foreign exchange market transactions remain active and the market operates smoothly and orderly.

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Global acceleration of ＂dollarization＂ exploration (global hotspot)

　　The Federal Reserve Building in Washington, USA.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Jieshe

　　In recent months, many economies around the world have intensively introduced new measures to strengthen local currency settlement in cross-border trade and investment. Experts pointed out that influenced by the dollar risk factors and driven by the development needs of countries themselves, there is a global trend of "de-dollarization". But it is still too early to say that the dollar has collapsed. In the future, with the in-depth development of multi-polarization in the world, countries will have new demand for the development of payment and settlement mechanisms in economic and trade cooperation, which will hopefully promote the exploration of international currency diversification.

　　Many countries "pull away" from the US dollar

　　According to the website of The Indian, the Indian Foreign Ministry recently issued a statement saying that India and Malaysia have agreed to use Indian Rupee for trade settlement. The United Bank of India and others will provide support for this new mechanism. According to the report, this move shows that India is willing to take concrete measures to realize the "dollarization" of its international trade.

　　There are other major economies trying to settle in local currency. Agence France-Presse reported recently that China and Brazil have reached an agreement that RMB or Brazilian real can be used for settlement in bilateral trade between the two countries in the future, instead of using the US dollar as an intermediate currency. The Brazilian Trade and Investment Promotion Agency said in a statement that it is expected that this will reduce costs and promote more bilateral trade and investment.

　　According to the website of ASEAN Briefing, the meeting of ASEAN finance ministers and central bank governors was recently held in Indonesia. The first agenda of the meeting is to discuss how to reduce the dependence of financial transactions on US dollars, euros, Japanese yen and British pounds and turn to local currency settlement. At the meeting, Indonesian President joko widodo also urged other ASEAN countries to use credit cards issued by local banks and gradually stop using foreign payment systems, including Visa and MasterCard in the United States.

　　Prior to this, Iraq, OPEC’s second largest oil producer, also announced new international trade settlement measures. According to Reuters, the Iraqi Central Bank said on February 22nd that the country plans to allow the settlement of import trade from China in RMB for the first time. Previously, the country’s trade with China has been settled in US dollars. Iraq’s central bank said that the new regulations will improve Iraq’s access to foreign exchange.

　　Latin America is also on the move. According to the Financial Times, in January this year, Brazilian President Lula and Argentine President Fernandez announced that the two countries would make preparations for the creation of a common currency belonging to Latin America and would invite other countries in Latin America to join in order to promote regional trade and reduce their dependence on the US dollar.

　　In recent years, the global call for "dollarization" has been growing, and major economies, including developed countries and emerging market countries, have implemented the "dollarization" policy by innovating cross-border payment and settlement mechanisms, signing bilateral currency agreements, and promoting the diversification of foreign exchange reserves.

　　In order to bypass the SWIFT dollar settlement system, Europe launched the "trade support tool" (INSTEX) in early 2019. In March 2020, Europe and Iran reached the first barter trade under INSTEX settlement mechanism. At present, France, Germany, Britain, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden have all joined the mechanism.

　　In January 2022, Turkey and the Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates signed a currency swap agreement worth 64 billion lira and 18 billion dirhams to promote bilateral trade in local currency. Last April, the Bank of Israel included Canadian dollar, Australian dollar, Japanese yen and RMB in its foreign exchange reserves for the first time. Previously, the country only held three currencies: the US dollar, the British pound and the euro. In July last year, the Iranian foreign exchange market launched the Iranian rial/Russian ruble currency transaction. Subsequently, Russia also indicated that it would gradually give up using the US dollar in its trade with Iran. In January this year, Saudi Arabia also expressed its openness to the settlement of trade in non-US dollars at the Davos Economic Forum.

　　As more and more countries consider "distancing themselves" from the US dollar, the proportion of global reserves of the US dollar is changing. According to the data of the International Monetary Fund, by the fourth quarter of 2022, the proportion of US dollars in global foreign exchange reserves had dropped to 58.4%, the lowest level since 1995.

　　The attractiveness of dollar assets has also declined. According to the data of the US Treasury Department, major overseas holders of US debt, such as China, Belgium, Luxemburg and France, have continuously reduced their holdings of US debt in the near future. According to the data of the Federal Reserve, in the week ending March 22nd, the US debt held by foreign investors decreased by $76 billion, which was the biggest weekly decline since March 2014. A report recently released by the US Treasury Department also shows that in January this year, at least 16 countries in the world sold US debt.

　　Multiple factors work together.

　　Many analysts pointed out that the indiscriminate application of financial sanctions by the United States is a direct factor in the acceleration of global "dollarization".

　　Paul craig roberts, former assistant treasury secretary, said recently that American hegemony has always depended on the status of the US dollar as a global reserve currency since World War II, and the recent financial sanctions in the United States have proved that the US dollar is no longer safe. The American magazine International Banker also reported a few days ago that the trend of "dollarization" around the world may not be so surprising, considering that about a quarter of the world’s population is directly affected by US financial sanctions.

　　Cui Jianjun, a professor at the School of Economics and Finance of Xi ‘an Jiaotong University, said in an interview with this reporter that since the Ukrainian crisis, some countries led by the United States have launched several rounds of financial sanctions against Russia. The most severe sanctions are two: First, freezing half of Russia’s foreign exchange reserves, totaling about 300 billion US dollars; The second is to kick major Russian banks out of the SWIFT settlement system. These "unjust actions" that seriously violate the rules of the free market economy and weaponize the US dollar have caused panic in various countries and become the fuse of the current global wave of "dollarization".

　　The irresponsible monetary policy of the United States has also forced many countries to explore countermeasures. Cui Jianjun said that since March last year, the Federal Reserve ended its loose monetary policy and turned to a radical interest rate hike policy, which caused turmoil in the international financial market. Many developing countries suffer from severe inflation and face devaluation of their currencies and capital outflows. Reducing the holdings of US dollar treasury bonds and promoting the diversification of foreign exchange reserve assets are actually helpless self-help measures for these countries to cope with the spillover of US financial risks.

　　"The United States manipulates the dollar to harvest the world and constantly consumes the credit base of the dollar." Cui Jianjun said, "Over the years, the United States has used the dominant monopoly position of the US dollar as both the sovereign currency of the United States and the international reserve currency to seek economic benefits and political advantages through the hegemony of the US dollar, which has seriously overdrawn the credit of the US dollar and prompted more and more countries to start ‘ De-dollarization ’ Explore. "

　　Guo Hongyu, a professor at the School of Finance of the University of International Business and Economics, said in an interview with this reporter that in addition to external factors, the internal needs of the development of emerging market countries have also promoted countries to actively explore the establishment of local currency trading mechanisms.

　　“‘ De-dollarization ’ In line with the development trend of multipolarization in the world. At present, emerging market countries are rising day by day, and their willingness to expand multilateral and regional trade cooperation is rising. In this process, there is bound to be a demand for cross-border payment and settlement mechanisms within their own countries and regions. With the further growth of foreign trade volume and payment and settlement demand in these countries, the financial infrastructure based on domestic currency payment will also accelerate the pace of construction. " Guo Hongyu said, "In addition, for economies with close intra-regional trade and high complementarity, using local currency for settlement has natural advantages. The use of local currency settlement can not only save the exchange cost of third-party currencies, avoid the impact of exchange rate fluctuations of third-party currencies on trade, but also help to reduce uncontrollable factors such as fluctuations in the number of third-party currencies. This is one of the main reasons why many countries are willing to negotiate a bilateral monetary agreement. "

　　Exploring and speeding up currency diversification

　　With the trend of "de-dollarization" becoming more and more obvious, some people think that dollar hegemony is coming to an end. John kani, an American economist, recently warned that the dollar may soon lose its "power" and its dominant position is weakening. The American "Business Insider" magazine also issued a document saying that the dominance of the US dollar in global trade faces "great challenges".

　　However, more analysts believe that it is too early to "challenge the dollar" at present, and the process of "dollarization" still needs to be viewed objectively.

　　Carson Group, an American investment institution, recently analyzed that the dominant position of the US dollar as the world reserve currency will not change in a short time, especially in the absence of a strong alternative.

　　"At present, the US dollar still ranks first in global trade settlement, foreign exchange reserves of central banks, global debt pricing and global capital flows. Although the status of the US dollar in the global monetary system has continued to decline in recent years, its status as a world reserve currency may be difficult to be quickly replaced. " Cui Jianjun said.

　　"At present, the US dollar still firmly occupies the two cornerstones of oil and gold, and the global market still has a strong path dependence on the US dollar in international trade settlement, cross-border payment and financing." Guo Hongyu said.

　　But at the same time, some new explorations cannot be ignored. A few days ago, Goldman Sachs said in a research report to its clients that the rise of crypto-digital currency has prompted global central banks to try to use digital currency to achieve de-centralization.

　　As early as May 2020, the Swedish central bank announced that it would use digital cryptocurrency anchored in its own currency to support financial settlement, and support dollar decentralization with blockchain technology. In February last year, the Russian central bank also announced the start of testing the digital ruble. Last May, the Bank of Japan issued a report saying that Japan’s digital currency Plan had entered the second testing stage. In addition, Japan’s Ministry of Finance and the Financial Services Department, together with several big banks, plan to lead the establishment of an international settlement system similar to SWIFT. Last November, the Bank of Egypt said that the Egyptian pound would soon be decoupled from the US dollar, and at the same time, a series of monetary policy reforms were initiated in order to "de-dollarize" the foreign exchange field.

　　"A multipolar monetary world may come sooner than expected." Gilian Tate, a columnist of the Financial Times, wrote a few days ago. Credit Suisse said in a report in February this year that there is evidence that the world’s major central banks are diversifying their investments and reducing their dependence on the US dollar. The world is gradually moving towards a more multipolar monetary system.

　　"In the future, the diversification of the international monetary system depends on the balanced development of the global economy. One possible prospect is that the US dollar continues to play a role as an international reserve currency, but its weight continues to decline; The status of the euro has gradually increased with the EU’s promotion of economic and financial autonomy; With the further rise of economic strength, Asian countries are gradually exploring the establishment of a new monetary order and contributing to the diversification of the international monetary system. " Cui Jianjun said.

　　"The development of money is closely related to trade." Guo Hongyu said, "A strong trade union will inevitably generate the internal demand for monetary cooperation. In this regard, the euro zone is a typical representative. The birth of the euro has provided monetary convenience for the regional trade of the member countries of the euro zone and promoted the development of international trade. Nowadays, the euro with real currency has become an advanced form of regional monetary cooperation and the second largest reserve currency in the world. At present, in addition to the euro zone, economic development and trade cooperation in Southeast Asia, Latin America and other regions are also constantly advancing. In the future, with the in-depth development of world multipolarization and economic globalization, it is not excluded that some new monetary cooperation arrangements may arise in these regions. "

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