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The Secretary-General of the Political and Legal Committee of the Central Committee criticized the cases of Meng Hongwei, Sun Lijun and Wang Like, which were shocking and had profound lessons!

Writing | Yu Hui

"A very small number of leading cadres of politics and law are disloyal and dishonest to the party." On May 12th, Chen Yixin, Deputy Director of the Office of the Central Committee for Governing the Country by Law and Secretary-General of the Central Political and Legal Committee, published an article in Learning Daily.

The article also mentions five "political and legal tigers" by name. "In recent years, Meng Hongwei, Sun Lijun, Wang Like, Gong Daoan, Deng Huilin and other serious violations of discipline and law have been shocking and learned profoundly!"

Calling the "Five Tigers of Politics and Law": shocking and profound!

In the article, Chen Yixin mentioned a set of data:

During the three-year special campaign to eliminate evils, the national discipline inspection and supervision organs investigated and dealt with 89,700 cases of corruption and "umbrella" related to evils, and filed 115,900 cases.Among them, 46,500 police officers in the political and legal system were investigated and dealt with, accounting for 40% of the total number of people investigated and dealt with in the country.

He said, "These people’s political consciousness is weakened, their ideals and beliefs are blurred, their sense of purpose is weakened, their concept of law and discipline is alienated, their professional ethics is degraded, and they have become corrupt elements and even sinners of the people."

Chen Yixin believes that there are some problems in the political and legal team, the most prominent of which is "disloyalty, unfairness, unfairness and inaction".

Chen Yixin data map

Among them, when referring to "infidelity", Chen Yixin mentioned "five tigers of politics and law".

He said frankly,Very few leading cadres of politics and law are disloyal and dishonest to the Party.Being "two-faced" and being "two-faced", political issues and corruption are intertwined, laying a hidden danger to the political security of the country and causing serious harm to the cause of the party and the people.

“In recent years, Meng Hongwei, Sun Lijun, Wang Like, Gong Daoan, Deng Huilin and other serious cases of violating discipline and law have been investigated and dealt with, which are shocking and have profound lessons! These people are typical "two-faced" and "two-faced", seriously violating discipline and law, and seriously violating political discipline and rules."

Meng Hongwei, a former deputy minister of the Ministry of Public Security, was investigated in October 2018 and sentenced to 13 and a half years in January 2020. He was accused of collecting more than 14.46 million yuan. According to the report of the Commission for Discipline Inspection, Meng Hongwei’s first question is "Failing to report personal matters as required, confronting the organization and refusing to implement the decision of the CPC Central Committee.”。

Sun Lijun, a former deputy minister of public security, was investigated in April 2020.

Wang Like, a former member of the Standing Committee of jiangsu provincial party committee and secretary of the Political and Legal Committee, surrendered himself voluntarily in October 2020.

Gong Daoan, a former deputy mayor of Shanghai and director of the Municipal Public Security Bureau, was investigated in August 2020 and prosecuted in March 2021. According to the report of the Commission for Discipline Inspection, his first problem is that he has lost his political principles, has no "four consciousnesses" and deviates from "two safeguards".Participate in the formation of groups and gangs within the party., causing serious political harm and bad political influence.

Deng Huilin, a former vice mayor of Chongqing and director of the Public Security Bureau, was investigated in June 2020 and prosecuted in February 2021. According to the report of the Commission for Discipline Inspection, he has no "four consciousnesses" and deviates from "two maintenances".Participate in organizing groups and gangs within the party, gain political capital, be keen on political speculation, and discuss the major policies of the CPC Central Committee.

When referring to "unfairness", "unfairness" and "inaction", Chen Yixin also listed many behaviors, such as:

Some bending the law, the guilty into innocence, felony into misdemeanor, criminal into civil.

Some practice favoritism and malpractice, deal with commutation, parole and temporary execution outside prison in violation of laws and regulations, and engage in "lifting money out of prison" and "serving a sentence on paper"

Some illegally detained, extorted confessions by torture, and extended detention have seriously violated citizens’ personal rights.

Some take bribes and pervert the law, taking money to get people, and taking money to get away with it.

Some people neglect their duties, dereliction of duty, perfunctory, failing to do what they should do, failing to do what they should do, failing to make a case, failing to investigate the case, failing to investigate the crime, ignoring legal duties and the demands of the masses, shielding and conniving at criminal acts, and causing some criminals to escape legal sanctions.

Some pretend to be in charge of people, pushing hard and arrogant, and arbitrarily enforcing the law.

A number of senior officials of the political and legal system went to places.

It is urgent to strictly manage the party and police in the field of politics and law.

On February 27 this year, a national meeting on the mobilization and deployment of political and legal teams was held in Beijing. According to the arrangement of the meeting, the education and rectification of the political and legal team will be carried out in two batches from bottom to top:

The first batch is the Political and Legal Committee of the Party committees at the city and county levels, political and legal units, and provincial prisons and drug rehabilitation centers, which started at the end of February and basically ended at the end of June, with a time of about 4 months.

The second batch is the Central Political and Legal Committee, the Central Political and Legal Unit, the Political and Legal Committee of the Provincial Party Committee and the Political and Legal Unit, which started in August and basically ended at the end of October, with a time of about 3 months.

At present, the first batch of education rectification is being carried out in various places.

Zheng Zhijun noticed that a number of senior officials of the political and legal system have recently gone to local research or supervision.

For example, from April 7th to 9th, Zhou Qiang, Party Secretary and President of the Supreme People’s Court, went to Sichuan. On April 8-9, Minister of Justice Tang Yijun went to Hubei for investigation. On April 12th, Chen Yixin, Secretary General of the Central Political and Legal Committee, went to Tianjin. From April 15th to 16th, Zhang Jun, Party Secretary and Procurator-General of the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, went to Hainan for investigation and supervision. From May 3rd to 6th, Zhao Kezhi, State Councilor, Party Secretary and Minister of the Ministry of Public Security, made an investigation in Yunnan.

During their research, many people mentioned "resolutely eliminating the black sheep".

For example, Zhao Kezhi, Minister of Public Security, mentioned when he was in Yunnan,Resolutely eliminate the residual poison of Zhou Yongkang and the pernicious influence of Sun Lijun and Meng Hongwei, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the party’s political discipline and rules, dig deep into and thoroughly investigate the "protective umbrella" of evil forces, abuse of power and dereliction of duty, bending the law, abuse of power for personal gain, and resolutely eliminate the black sheep.

In this educational rectification, "eliminating the black sheep" is also a topic of concern to Chen Yixin.

Kill another comeback

In Chen Yixin’s view, removing the black sheep is "a’ hard bone’ that education rectification must gnaw down".

He also made a clear request-It is necessary to intensify the verification of clues., improve the accuracy of clue verification, really check deeply and thoroughly, clarify the name in time if there is no problem, and deal with problems according to law.

Chen Yixin’s article also mentioned an important content:

askEstablish a linkage mechanism between organizational investigation and the fight against evil.Keep an eye on "black without umbrella", "black big umbrella small" and other key cases, strengthen the coordination of discipline and law, and strictly implement "two unifications" and "three investigations in one case".Carry out the investigation of key cases and kill the "umbrella", "network" and corruption.

Zheng Zhijun noticed that in the past few days, the central supervision team under local supervision has also made the latest deployment for the education rectification work.

For example, on May 12th, the fourth promotion meeting for the education and rectification of political and legal teams in Inner Mongolia was held.

Fan Xuyin, deputy head of the Fourth Supervision Team of the Central Committee and member of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference Ethnic and Religious Committee, demanded at the meeting that the responsibility of the political and legal departments in some counties and counties of the League should be effectively solved. "We must further grasp the key links, truly clear the key clues, effectively remove the black sheep, effectively rectify stubborn diseases, and achieve landmark results."

For another example, on May 9, the national political and legal team educated and rectified the investigation and supervision of the Tenth Supervision Team of the Central Committee in Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture and Zhangjiajie City.

Qiu Yuanping, head of the Tenth Supervision Team of the Central Committee, mentioned that loyalty education cannot stop.

Qiu Yuanping said that it is necessary to continue to influence, guide and force more problematic police officers to open their hearts and take the initiative to explain the problem to the organization through ideological mobilization, policy preaching, heart-to-heart talks, organizing life, and implementing lenient and strict policies.

Information | Xinhua News Agency, study times Changan Net, official website, provinces

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Pay attention to disability prevention ｜ Early screening and early intervention Tianjin continues to strengthen the prevention and control of birth defects

CCTV News:According to the second national sampling survey of disabled people, congenital factors account for 9.57% of the disabling factors. Among congenital disabilities, developmental defects and non-hereditary disabilities account for the highest proportion, reaching 68.91%. Therefore, it is very important to prevent disability from the source of life, and now a three-level prevention and control system has been formed in Tianjin before pregnancy, before and after childbirth.

Xi Xi, who is undergoing hearing rehabilitation training, is two and a half years old. Now she can sing and dance. She was just born and was diagnosed with hearing impairment during health screening. When Xi Xi was less than one year old, she put on a cochlear implant. After rehabilitation training, now she is cheerful and likes to communicate with people.

Grandma Wu Cailan:Now I feel that my children can sing and say ballads, and the intonation is ok, so I am particularly happy.

Li Yi, Chief of Children’s Rehabilitation Department of Tianjin Disabled Rehabilitation Service Center:Early screening is very important. After birth, if we can find the child’s hearing problems as soon as possible, and equip her with hearing AIDS or cochlear implants as soon as possible, the time of hearing loss will be shortened.

Xixi’s healthy growth has benefited from Tianjin’s continuous efforts to prevent and control birth defects in the past ten years. It has successively implemented the women’s and children’s health action plan, promotion plan and promotion plan, and established a three-level prevention and control system from pre-pregnancy, prenatal and postpartum.

Shao Ping, Director of Tianjin Maternal and Child Health Center:We use all the medical resources and rehabilitation resources in Tianjin to prevent the disabled. Take hearing impairment screening as an example. The initial screening is done in maternity hospitals and midwifery institutions, and the hearing screening is done at the bedside. If the child’s hearing screening fails, he will come to our center for diagnosis, forming a complete workflow.

In addition, through the combination of online and offline publicity, Tianjin enables pregnant women and parents of newborns to keep abreast of screening-related knowledge and actively participate in screening projects. Up to now, the average coverage rate of screening for 15 diseases in Tianjin has reached over 98%.

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Which is better than the open source multimodal model？ The TOP12 list is coming

Organize from Happy

Quantum bit | WeChat official account QbitAI

The explosion of GPT-4 has completely set off the research upsurge of multi-modal large models in academic circles.

However, how to measure the performance of this kind of model has been controversial in the industry, and there is no comprehensive evaluation standard.

In addition, there is no complete review to define and study it.

In view of this, Tencent Youtu, jointly with China University of Science and Technology and Xiamen University, published two papers on multi-modal large models.

There is not only the first multi-modal large-scale model review-

There is also a comprehensive evaluation list!

Related projects have exploded on GitHub, and as of July 3, they have already won 2200+ stars.

So, what are the best multi-modal large models in the industry at present? What are its definition, key technologies, advantages and challenges?

Let’s take a look together.

TOP12 ranking of multi-modal large models

The researchers set a total of 16 lists, including two general lists and 14 subtasks.

The overall list can be regarded as the score of the "overall ability" of the model, which is divided into perceptual and cognitive categories, and 14 subtasks are some of the subdivided tasks, which can evaluate whether the multi-modal large model is better at doing something.

The researchers selected a total of 12 open source multi-modal models to "demonstrate" the evaluation criteria.

The total list of perception categories is the total score of all perception tasks, and the display is the highest in BLIP-2:

The general list of cognitive classes is a list of various cognitive tasks, which adds up to the highest in MiniGPT-4:

The evaluation results show that BLIP-2 and InstructBLIP are in the top three in these two lists, and they are really the "top players" of the current open source multimodal model.

Specific to the 14 subtasks, the ranking of the model is different.

The evaluation results are as follows. It can be said that it is clear at a glance who is more "partial" and who can achieve comprehensive optimization in various tasks:

So, how is the score result of this list obtained?

How to get the scoring standard?

The paper holds that a good multi-modal large-scale model scoring standard should have the following four characteristics:

(1) It should cover as many areas as possible, including perception and cognitive ability (perception is the basis of cognition).

Among them, the former refers to identifying objects, including their existence, quantity, position and color; The latter refers to more complex reasoning based on comprehensive perceptual information and knowledge in LLM, including common sense reasoning, numerical calculation, text translation and code reasoning.

(2) Its data or labeling should avoid using existing public data sets as much as possible to reduce the risk of data leakage.

Therefore, all instruction-answer pairs in the evaluation should be artificially constructed. For a small number of public data sets, only their images are used without relying on their original labels. At the same time, try to collect data by manual shooting and image generation.

(3) Instruction design should be as concise as possible and conform to human cognitive habits.

Different instruction designs may greatly affect the output of models, but all models are evaluated under unified and concise instructions to ensure fairness. A good multi-modal large model should have the ability to generalize to such concise instructions and avoid falling into hint engineering.

(4) The output of multi-modal large model under this concise instruction should be intuitive and convenient for quantitative statistics.

The open answer of multi-modal large model poses a great challenge to quantitative statistics. The existing methods tend to use GPT or manual scoring, but they may face inaccurate and subjective problems.

Therefore, after the production, the final evaluation question is about this:

Then, according to the accuracy of the model answer, the score is judged.

It is worth mentioning that the authors have also tried to design multiple-choice instructions, but found that the current multi-modal large model is still difficult to follow such complicated instructions. （doge）

Summary of the first multi-modal large model

Of course, the evaluation criteria of this list are not "groundless".

To understand why the list is rated like this, you can look at another paper review on multimodal large models, which carefully sorts out its definition, key technologies and challenges.

Specifically, the paper defines the multimodal megamodel (MLLM) as "a model with the ability of receiving and reasoning multimodal information, which is extended from LLM".

Compared with the popular single-mode LLM, this model has the following advantages:

It is more in line with the habit of human cognition of the world. Human beings have multiple senses to receive multiple modal information, which are usually complementary and synergistic. Therefore, using multimodal information can generally better recognize and complete tasks.

More powerful and user-friendly interface. By supporting multimodal input, users can input and convey information in a more flexible way.

Broader mission support. LLM can usually only accomplish the tasks related to pure text, while MLLM can accomplish more tasks through multimodal, such as picture description and visual knowledge quiz.

Therefore, if you want to study this kind of multi-modal large model, you often need to master three key technologies:

1. Multimodal instruction tuning (M-IT).

2. Multimodal in-context learning (M-ICL).

3. Multimodal Chain of Thought, M-CoT).

In addition, we need to study one of its applications (multimodal system with LLM as the core), namely LLM-Aided Visual Reasoning, LAVR).

However, at present, the multi-modal large-scale model is still in its infancy, so there are also some challenges, such as limited perceptual ability, fragile reasoning chain, further improvement of command obedience ability and the widespread problem of object illusion.

For more summary details and list details, you can poke the paper to view it ~

Multi-modal big model list:

https://github.com/BradyFU/Awesome-Multimodal-Large-Language-Models/tree/Evaluation

Paper address:

[1] Summary: https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.13549

[2] Evaluation: https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.13394

End—

Advances in science and technology meet every day ~

Original title: "Which is the strong open source multimodal model? The TOP12 list is coming, and GitHub has won 2.2k+ stars.

Read the original text

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＂cut interest rates＂ landed! Just now, the central bank released

Official website, the People’s Bank of China, announced today that in order to maintain a reasonable and abundant liquidity in the banking system at the end of the season,On September 29th, 2024, the People’s Bank of China carried out the reverse repurchase operation of RMB 182 billion by means of fixed interest rate and quantity bidding, and the operating interest rate was 1.50%, compared with 1.70% before..

The central bank issued a notice on September 27th, saying that from September 27th, the operating interest rate of 7-day reverse repurchase in the open market was adjusted from the previous 1.70% to 1.50%. The operating rates of 14-day reverse repurchase and temporary positive and negative repurchase in the open market will continue to be determined by adding and subtracting points on the operating rate of 7-day reverse repurchase in the open market, and the range of adding and subtracting points will remain unchanged.

On September 27th, the central bank did not carry out the 7-day reverse repurchase operation, but carried out the 14-day reverse repurchase operation of 278 billion yuan, with an operating interest rate of 1.65%. Therefore,Today is the official landing of the 7-day reverse repurchase operation interest rate reduction.

On September 24th, at the press conference held by the State Council Press Office, Pan Gongsheng, Governor of the People’s Bank of China, announced that the policy interest rate of the central bank would be lowered, and the 7-day reverse repurchase operating rate would be lowered by 0.2 percentage point.From the current 1.7% to 1.5%,Guide the loan market quotation interest rate and deposit interest rate to go down simultaneously, and keep the net interest margin of commercial banks stable.. Pan Gongsheng said that this policy interest rate adjustment is expected to drive the medium-term loan facility (MLF) interest rate down by 0.3 percentage points, and the loan market quotation rate (LPR) and deposit interest rate will also drop by 0.2 to 0.25 percentage points.

Earlier, Director Zou Lan of the Monetary Policy Department of the People’s Bank of China introduced at the press conference of the State Council Office on September 5 that the central bank had made it clear that the operating interest rate of the 7-day reverse repurchase was the main policy interest rate, and changed the bidding of the 7-day reverse repurchase from the original interest rate to the fixed interest rate and quantity bidding, which fully met the bidding needs of primary dealers. The interest rate is no longer the result of winning the bid, but is determined by the central bank according to the needs of implementing monetary policy; Quantity is no longer a means for the central bank to regulate liquidity, but is jointly determined by primary dealers according to the policy interest rate and their market judgment, which is conducive to enhancing the initiative of institutional liquidity management.

Source: CCTV Finance (ID: cctvyscj)

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When the boys put on the mask, VC came.

Original Yang Wenjing Wild Consumption Bar

Maybe one day, boys will be as crazy as their girlfriends in the live room of skin care and beauty.

Author I Yang Wenjing

Report I PEdaily in the investment community

Girls who were worried about skin care and beauty makeup 10 years ago never imagined that one day, men around them would get together to discuss which brand mask to put on and which set of skin care products to use.

This scene has become a reality today. In recent years, the exclusive men’s skin care and beauty track has been popular. In the beginning of 2022, Guochao men’s personal care brand "Blue Department" announced the completion of tens of millions of Series A financing, which was led by Meihua Venture Capital, followed by Jiuchuang Capital and Jinhuifeng Capital. Established more than two years ago, Blue Department has obtained three rounds of financing, with investors including Qifu Capital, Magellan Group Gaosaier and Qianhai Luojin Fund.

Interestingly, it was a woman who founded this male consumer brand. Ten years ago, Ding Jie, the founder, overheard two male friends borrowing masks from each other during a camping trip, which showed her the blue ocean of the domestic market for male cosmetics. After some research, Ding Jie established the Blue Department. Aiming at the young consumer groups after 1995, the Blue Department quickly circled several major e-commerce platforms shortly after its establishment, and in the Tmall Double Eleven last year, the turnover in the first hour of sales increased by 50 times year-on-year.

At one time, the consumption power of male groups was ranked at the end by entrepreneurs and investors, especially in the field of cosmetics and personal care with obvious female labels, and there were very few male consumers. However, with the Z-generation boys gradually stepping onto the consumption stage, the anxiety of face value spread to young men, and the makeup and skin care brands of exclusive boys began to enter the public eye.

A set of data shows that the post-90 s and post-95 s have become the main consumers of online male skin care products, accounting for about 60%. In recent years, with the rise of brands such as Li Ran, Blue, Tabula Rasa, and Dear Boyfriend, VCs have also begun to move.

A girl who makes men’s skin care products was voted by VC.

The blue department was born out of a missed business opportunity.

Ten years ago, there was a wave of "other economy" consumption in China. Grasping women’s needs meant seizing business opportunities. During that time, many domestic beauty brands such as Perfect Diary and Hua Xizi were founded one after another, but Ding Jie, who is considering starting a business at this time, missed this wave perfectly.

By chance, Ding Jie and his friends participated in a camping trip in the hinterland of the desert. During the camping trip, they heard two male friends borrowing masks from each other. At that time, cosmetics and skin care products for male consumers were still scarce in China, but the number of boys who already had skin care awareness was increasing. This made Ding Jie smell the potential business opportunities in the field of men’s cosmetics.

With 15 years of experience in e-commerce and traffic management, Ding Jie began to conduct in-depth market research. She found that in the face of the growth and diversification of the demand side, the domestic market for men’s cosmetics still lacks high-quality supply. Some brands have low prices and ignore quality control, which leads to the inability to guarantee the repurchase rate. Some brands even change the packaging directly and sell it to male consumers on the basis of women’s makeup formula, lacking the exclusive supply of men.

In addition, international brands have strict control over profit margins, and most of their men’s makeup products cost several hundred yuan, so there is still room for improvement in cost performance. In the sinking market where the purchase channels of skin care products are relatively simple, young men are more dependent on online shopping.

So, Ding Jie found a breakthrough. In October 2018, Ding Jie officially started the brewing of blue brands, and found team members with experience in leading cosmetics industries such as L ‘Oreal, Huaxizi and Martin. Their goal is very clear-insist on high-quality products that are really suitable for men, and build Blue into a more popular domestic brand of men’s cosmetics.

In March 2019, the "Blue Department", which focuses on men’s cosmetics, was formally established, moving in two directions towards men’s skin care line and men’s makeup product line. Team Ding Jie priced the single blue product below 100 yuan, hoping to reach the young consumers after 1995 and the people in the second, third and below cities through high cost performance.

Ding Jie once mentioned in his speech that the post-70s and post-80s may not develop skin care habits, but the post-90s group has developed skin care habits since childhood, and they are more willing to make independent decisions when they grow up. She is concerned that the market demand has changed and started to migrate to the younger Z generation.

Based on previous e-commerce marketing experience, Ding Jie paid special attention to product packaging design. In addition to forming a unique cool style, the Blue Department also focuses on combining the preferences of the Z generation, launching short video content marketing, and conducting cross-border cooperation with Guoman IP.

Less than a year after its establishment, the repurchase rate of some products of Blue Department in e-commerce channels such as Tmall, JD.COM and Xiaohongshu exceeded 10%, and it received nearly 15 million yuan of angel round financing from Locke Fund. During the period of June 18, 2021, the sales of the whole network of Blue Department exceeded 10 million yuan, and the following month, Qifu Capital was obtained, and the Pre-A round of financing of 10 million yuan of Magellan Group Gaosaier was obtained.

At the beginning of this year, Blue Department announced the completion of tens of millions of A-round financing, which was led by Meihua Venture Capital, followed by Jiuchuang Capital and Jinhuifeng Capital. The rapid entry of VC in a short period of time further proves the potential of men’s skin care and beauty track, but the market brought by "men’s beauty economy" is far more than that.

The rising male economy:

In the future, boyfriends may be crazier than you in grabbing skin care products.

When the anxiety of face value spreads from women to men, boys care for their faces as much as girls after 1980s and 1990s. According to the latest data of Ai Media Consulting, there is not a big gap between male cosmetics consumption level and female cosmetics consumption level in 2021. The average monthly consumption of 23.3% male consumers is between 1,000-2,000 yuan, and that of 25.6% male consumers is between 500-1000 yuan, while the proportion of women with the same consumption level is 22.1% and 33.6% respectively.

In the past two years, many new roles have been born in men’s skin care and cosmetics track. In 2019, the original beauty agency, which focuses on men’s beauty and skin care, and JACB, which provides trend grooming and skin care for Z generation boys, were established one after another. One year later, the popularity of men’s beauty and skin care tracks continued to increase, and brands such as Liran, Blue, Tabula Rasa and Dear Boyfriend entered the market, and they successively obtained financing soon after their establishment.

Among them, men’s comprehensive personal care brand has completed six rounds of financing more than a year after it was officially launched. The largest round of the disclosed amount was the B+ round of financing of nearly 300 million yuan in April, 2021, which was led by Tiger Global, with bilibili as the strategic investor, and the old shareholders Wuyuan Capital, Red Dot China and SIG followed suit in excess. In the previous rounds of financing, there were also many well-known institutions.

At the same time, the financing was announced by Tabula Rasa, a men’s fashion makeup brand, which won the angel round financing of China at the speed of light and Huaying Kaitai with millions of dollars. Tabula Rasa was founded in 2020. Founder and CEO Yi Zheng is a VIP and art collector of many luxury brands. In his early years, he worked hard in the financial investment banking industry. Under his leadership, Tabula Rasa was launched only a few months ago, and the monthly growth rate of sales exceeded 100%.

In addition, DearBoyFriend, a men’s grooming brand, also received tens of millions of RMB Series A financing from Black Ant Capital, Jinding Capital, Jinshajiang Venture Capital and Huachuang Capital in March 2021. This is the first self-owned consumer brand hatched by Zanyi and Jinshajiang Venture Capital in early 2020. One year later, DearBoyFriend’s monthly sales exceeded 10 million, and male buyers accounted for more than 90%.

For a long time, men have been ranked at the end of the consumer group, and the traditional investment value is compared with "men are not as good as dogs". However, with the younger generation of male consumers having a certain economic strength, the demand for male consumption has rapidly emerged and is constantly showing a diversified trend. Like the blue department, emotional factors such as game co-branding and trend packaging gradually enter the product elements.

A VC who focuses on the consumption track once said that boys are actually willing to spend money and are willing to spend a lot of money, but the money will be placed in a specific category with less explicit; On the other hand, men pay more attention to quality and practicality when buying, so their decision-making is relatively rational and the frequency of repurchase is relatively high. But this label has also changed at present, and these changes are the key to embracing the future.

Among them, the most obvious thing is that men’s appearance anxiety is magnified on social media, and they are willing to spend money on their faces like girls, thus giving birth to more and more male beauty and skin care brands. In the Double Eleven in 2021, Tmall data showed that the growth rate of men’s make-up in Z generation has reached 122%, and the growth rate of men’s skin care is 82%.

Vilen, a partner of Wuyuan Capital, once mentioned that "the demand of a new generation of male consumers for beauty image continues to evolve, and the cognition and creation of personal image need new product brands in new crowds and social scenes." The consumption habits of Z generation men have broken the traditional thinking. Maybe one day, boys will be as crazy as their girlfriends in the live room of skin care and beauty.

Original title: "When the boys put on the mask, VC came"

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The new mode of ＂employment in internet plus＂ has inserted wings for college graduates to ＂seek jobs in the cloud＂

　　Digitalization of education is an important foundation for building an educational power. Facing the advent of the digital age, with the rapid development of new information dissemination channels such as the Internet, the education system has firmly grasped the strategic opportunity of digital education development, widely applied the new mode of "employment in internet plus", and provided rich policies, job information and guidance services around the needs of college graduates in the process of job hunting and employment, thus providing wings for college graduates to "cloud job hunting".

　　Cloud recruitment helps graduates to find jobs accurately.

　　Online recruitment information is pushed, online job fairs are held, and live posts are broadcast … From "face to face" to "screen to screen", the education system builds a good job-seeking platform for graduates and accurately pushes high-quality job resources to graduates in need. "Cloud recruitment" has gradually become an important channel for college graduates to apply for jobs, ensuring that college graduates’ employment is "not dropped".

　　The Ministry of Education actively promotes the strategic action of digitalization of education. On the basis of the original platform, it has newly upgraded and built the "National Employment Service Platform for College Students". By building a "full-time, intelligent" platform for 24 hours and 365 days, it will provide better "internet plus Employment" service for graduates and employers, strengthen the connection between supply and demand, and accelerate the sharing of employment resources. In the eyes of college graduates, this is a platform to empower job hunting. The employment services provided by the platform for graduates cover the whole job hunting cycle from employment intention registration, resume production, job inquiry, job interview to online signing. During the 2023 Employment Promotion Week for College Graduates, the National Employment Service Platform for College Students held 14 online recruitment activities intensively, with more than 15,000 employers participating and providing more than 800,000 job information.

　　Colleges and universities all over the country continue to accurately push employment information to graduates through online platforms while carrying out offline "visiting enterprises to promote employment" and "all enterprises enter the campus" recruitment activities. On Donghua University Student Employment and Entrepreneurship Service Network and "Donghua Employment" WeChat WeChat official account, graduates can search the industry, nature and type of the recruiting unit according to their job hunting intentions.

　　Colleges and universities around the country have also explored and tried to "bring people live" and "recommend" jobs for graduates. Shanghai Ocean University leaders, college leaders, professional teachers and graduating class counselors took turns to walk into the live broadcast room and set up recruitment sessions to promote graduates to employers. In order to make the live broadcast promotion more accurate, the school combed and analyzed the industries and industries corresponding to its own disciplines and majors, and delineated key cooperative enterprises.

　　The Education Department of Hebei Province organized the live broadcast of college graduates to help them find jobs, and invited 3-4 job recommendation officers each time to introduce the general situation of employers and recommend high-quality jobs for graduates. At the online self-recommendation matchmaking meeting in west anhui university, graduates actively introduced their learning experience, social practice, job hunting intention and other information in the live broadcast room, and the staff of the employer met the students "face to face" and chose their favorite positions in two-way docking.

　　Cloud guidance, providing rich employment guidance resources

　　Strengthening the employment guidance service will help graduates understand the national employment policies, objectively understand themselves, find a correct position, and then establish a correct outlook on success, occupation and employment. When the education system conducts face-to-face employment guidance, it also takes career planning and employment guidance courses to the "cloud" and carries out personalized "cloud" guidance to enhance graduates’ job-seeking skills and boost their confidence in job hunting.

　　In order to help more college graduates know about various employment promotion policies, the Ministry of Education has set up a series of special topics to deeply interpret the policies related to college graduates’ employment and entrepreneurship through the "internet plus Employment Guidance" public welfare live broadcast class, guiding graduates to make good use of policies such as grassroots employment, self-employment, enlistment, guidance and assistance. Up to now, the National Employment Service Platform for College Students of the Ministry of Education has produced and broadcasted 34 public welfare live classes for the 2023 college graduates, such as "Set sail in the spring", "Enhance legal awareness, guard against job-hunting risks" and "Join the army with a pen, be a hero tomorrow", with a total of over 100 million people watching.

　　Colleges and universities around the country have carried out targeted online employment guidance courses in light of the actual situation. The Yunnan Provincial Department of Education organized the interactive activity of "Micro-classroom of Graduate Employment and Entrepreneurship Policy", and invited the heads of employment departments of eight universities to give video explanations around eight sections, including "grass-roots employment, enlistment and research assistant", attracting nearly one million teachers and students to watch and participate in online answering questions. Tianjin University has promoted online career education, and set up online career evaluation, career consultation and appointment, online micro-courses for employment guidance, and typical tree selection for "shining days" to expand the carrier of career education.

　　"Why do resumes sink into the sea? What are the’ pits’ that can’t be stepped on in the interview? " From prologue to video content planning and script modification, Dong Pengfei, a teacher of Southwest Jiaotong University, led the team to innovate the working mode and created an online employment guidance platform represented by the video number of "Old Dong of Employment Office", which pushed the information of job hunting and employment to students by short video. The team also explained the job-hunting experience by visiting the employer on the spot and inviting the person in charge of human resources to communicate.

　　Integrating intelligent applications into employment guidance, Zhejiang University has connected to platforms such as AI video simulation interview on the basis of "Employment Guidance massive open online course", "Live Platform for Entrepreneurship" and "Career Evaluation" to provide students with personal growth reports and suggestions for improvement. Jilin Normal University launched the "AI Resume Optimization Laboratory" service, which provides various services such as beautifying the layout, improving the writing style and refining the content, so as to help graduates perform better in the job application.

　　Cloud service, let information run more.

　　Smooth information channels, simplify all kinds of employment procedures, widely implement "cloud" employment services in the education system, and implement online registration, online reception and online signing of employment materials to facilitate the employment of college graduates, so that "information runs more and students run less errands".

　　Not long ago, the Central Organization Department, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Public Security and the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission jointly issued a notice, clarifying that from 2023, employment registration cards will no longer be issued, and the procedures for reissue and reassignment of employment registration cards will be cancelled, and employment registration cards will no longer be used as necessary materials for handling the recruitment, employment, settlement, file reception and transfer of college graduates.

　　In order to optimize the job-seeking and employment service process for college graduates, the Ministry of Education has opened a national registration system for college graduates’ graduation destination, providing online signing function, which is convenient for employers and graduates to sign online.

　　To promote the exchange of employment information, Dalian University of Technology expanded the service of "internet plus" and developed the functions of self-service printing of employment agreements, so that students can complete the signing of the agreements online, meeting the needs of different places in one school, three districts and serving more than 8,000 people. The school also launched an intelligent question-and-answer assistant, and answered more than 6,400 employment-related questions. Xi ‘an Jiaotong University integrates the data of educational administration, academic work, scientific research and other business departments, and forms an organic link from student information collection, employment intention investigation, online career evaluation to employment signing, destination registration, campus recruitment and resume delivery, and builds an open one-stop employment management service with data integration and sharing. Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications has built more than 20 online video interview rooms and launched digital talent training camps to provide convenience for graduates who need interviews.

　　At present, it is getting closer and closer for college graduates to leave school. The education system continues to make good use of the new mode of "employment in internet plus" and give full play to the advantages of information sharing, resource integration and data analysis, so as to tap more job resources and provide more employment information for graduates and help them find jobs.

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How to Expand the Domestic Demand and Smooth the Great Cycle —— Interview with the Director of Market Economy Research Institute of the State Council Development Research Center

　　[authoritative interview]

　　Guangming Daily reporter zhang yi

　　This year is a year of special importance in the process of China’s modernization, and it is also the first year of the 14 th Five-Year Plan. The Central Economic Work Conference, when deploying the key work in 2021, emphasized that it should adhere to the strategic base of expanding domestic demand. In the face of profound and complex changes in the development environment, how to get through the blocking points and fill the shortcomings, and form a higher level dynamic balance between demand traction supply and supply creation demand? How can consumption run out of the "acceleration" when expanding domestic demand? Wei Wang, director of the Institute of Market Economy of the State Council Development Research Center, was interviewed by reporters and made an authoritative interpretation.

　　The core requirement of expanding domestic demand and building a new development pattern

　　Reporter: This year is the first year of the 14 th Five-Year Plan. What kind of internal and external environment does China’s economic development face? What is the important role of adhering to the strategic basis of expanding domestic demand?

　　Wei Wang:In the face of the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic, China’s economy has shown strong resilience. In 2020, the gross domestic product (GDP) exceeded 100 billion yuan for the first time, an increase of 2.3% over the previous year. It is the only major economy in the world that maintains positive growth. At present, the factors supporting China’s economic growth are undergoing profound changes. On the one hand, due to the impact of the epidemic, the global economic recession is prominent and the trade friction is intensifying, which makes China’s economic development face severe external environmental challenges. On the other hand, the driving force of demand for economic growth is shifting from investment to consumption and innovation. In particular, China has a super-large-scale market advantage of 1.4 billion people, and strong domestic demand will become a solid foundation for promoting China’s sustained and stable economic growth.

　　The Central Economic Work Conference emphasized that adhering to the strategic basis of expanding domestic demand is the core requirement for building a new development pattern. Insisting on expanding domestic demand, accelerating the cultivation of new consumption, and further giving play to the basic role of consumption and the key role of investment are conducive to unblocking the domestic macro-cycle, alleviating risks and hedging external pressures, eliminating the risk aversion of enterprises, boosting development confidence, strengthening development resilience, expanding room for manoeuvre, improving self-adjustment ability, and realizing more full economies of scale, scope and network.

　　It is worth noting that at present, the expansion of China’s domestic demand and its promotion of economic growth are mainly driven by the continuous upgrading of consumption structure and consumption innovation promoted by new technologies, and there has been a new trend of upgrading and expanding, a new pattern of stratification and differentiation, and a series of new consumption that is different from the past has emerged, which has become a new kinetic energy and new growth point for promoting economic growth. Insisting on expanding domestic demand and promoting consumption in an all-round way is an important measure to conform to people’s yearning for a better life, which is conducive to making up for the shortcomings of high-end commodity consumption and education, housing, medical care and other services consumption, meeting people’s practical needs for better quality goods, better education, more comfortable living conditions, higher-level medical and health services, richer spiritual and cultural life, enhancing their sense of acquisition and happiness, and promoting people’s all-round development.

　　Innovation accelerates, and three positive factors promote consumption to accelerate recovery.

　　Reporter: According to the consumption data, the total retail sales of social consumer goods in 2020 was 39,198.1 billion yuan, down 3.9% from the previous year, and the decline was 3.3 percentage points narrower than that in the previous three quarters. How do you evaluate the situation of China’s consumer market in the past year?

　　Wei Wang:The outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in early 2020 has brought a huge impact on China’s consumption. The recovery of consumption is first suppressed and then promoted, and the rigidity of consumption is prominent, and the recovery of consumption is gradual. Compared with the investment demand, consumption is more obviously affected by the epidemic situation, and the final consumption expenditure in the whole year pulls down GDP by 0.5 percentage points. However, with the major strategic achievements in epidemic prevention and control, the consumer market has gradually recovered, consumer demand has been continuously released, and the pulling effect of consumption on economic growth has rebounded quarter by quarter.

　　Although the epidemic has had a huge impact on China’s consumer market, it has also forced consumption innovation to accelerate, and new products, services and models have emerged at an accelerated pace, forming new consumption hotspots, which not only effectively promotes consumption recovery, but also becomes a new driving force for China’s economic recovery and growth. Online consumption has accelerated in an all-round way, and the "home economy" has accelerated the development of new consumption patterns, and the penetration rate has increased significantly. In 2020, the national online retail sales increased by 10.9% over the previous year, and the growth rate was 1.2 percentage points faster than the previous three quarters. Service consumption has migrated to online, and "contactless" service innovation has accelerated. During the epidemic, a series of "non-contact" services such as online education, medical care, entertainment, audio-visual and so on have exploded, and traditional services such as catering are also accelerating "touching the net". "Live broadcast with goods" has become a new bright spot, and innovation in marketing methods has emerged rapidly. The driving role of new consumption is prominent, and domestic consumption is growing strongly; Healthy consumption has become a new bright spot in the consumer market; New changes have taken place in holiday consumption; The return of consumption brings important opportunities for the recovery of the consumer market and the upgrading and expansion.

　　Reporter: From 2014 to 2019, consumption has become the first driving force for China’s economic growth for six consecutive years. What is the consumption prospect this year?

　　Wei Wang:Looking forward to 2021, three positive factors will accelerate the recovery of consumption. First, the development environment at home and abroad is expected to continue to improve. China effectively controlled the large-scale spread of the epidemic, and the economy took the lead in getting out of the impact and impact of the epidemic. The global economy has stepped into recovery. International organizations such as IMF (International Monetary Fund), World Bank, and OECD have recently lowered their global economic growth forecasts to 5.2%, 4%, and 4.2% next year, but they are still significantly higher than in 2020 (9.5, 5.9, and 8.4 percentage points higher, respectively). Secondly, the overall balance of supply and demand in the domestic market. The IMF predicts that the year-on-year growth rate of world CPI will be 3.4% and that of China will be 2.7% in 2021. While the global supply and demand pressure is rising, the supply and demand in China market will be relatively more stable. With the continuous improvement of the epidemic prevention and control mechanism and the improvement of the consumption environment, residents’ adaptability to getting along with the epidemic for a long time has been enhanced, and consumer confidence and willingness will rise steadily, which is conducive to the continuous improvement of market demand. Finally, the government insists on stabilizing employment and market players as priority areas for policy support, and the actual growth rate of residents’ income is expected to return to the growth track.

　　Generally speaking, with the expected improvement of global economic growth and the stable market environment, China’s macro-economy will continue to rebound steadily and the economic cycle will be smoother. On the basis of the low base in 2020, the total retail sales of social consumer goods is expected to increase by about 4%-5% in 2021, and the role of consumption in driving economic growth will be further strengthened.

　　Focus on breakthroughs to make the advantages of ultra-large-scale markets stronger.

　　Reporter: What do you think are the main "blocking points" and "pain points" for expanding domestic demand at present? How to smooth? How to further develop the advantages of China’s super-large market scale?

　　Wei Wang:Objectively speaking, although China has a super-large-scale market advantage, it is still not strong enough, and there is still some fragility. The release of consumption potential and the development of new consumption still face many institutional constraints, and the effective and high-end supply still lags behind. There are many shortcomings and weak links in infrastructure construction such as transportation, water conservancy, energy, public health, ecological environment protection, agriculture and rural areas, disaster prevention and mitigation, etc. The pace of accelerating institutional opening to the international advanced standards and improving the internationalization level of China’s market still needs to be accelerated and legalized.

　　In 2021, on the basis of adhering to the strategic basis of expanding domestic demand, economic work should organically combine comprehensively promoting consumption and enhancing investment stamina with deepening supply-side structural reform, pay attention to demand-side management, make effective institutional arrangements in rationally guiding consumption, savings and investment, open up blocking points, fill shortcomings, smooth the national economic cycle, accelerate the improvement of supply quality and improve the infrastructure conducive to the release of domestic demand, and promote the supply of goods and services from the low-end to the high-end, which is the "14 th Five-Year Plan"

　　The most fundamental thing to expand consumption is to promote employment and raise the real income level. On the basis of "six guarantees" and "six stabilities", we should improve the vocational and technical education system to achieve more full and higher quality employment and improve the income level of a wider class; At the same time, by speeding up the improvement of social security and the additional deduction policy for personal income tax, we will further optimize the income distribution structure, reduce the burden on households, stabilize middle-income groups and improve the ability to pay for consumption, thus laying a stable market foundation for expanding consumption.

　　It is necessary to speed up the improvement of supply quality, accelerate the cultivation of high-end brands in food, cosmetics, clothing, consumer electronics and other fields, and promote the supply of goods from low-end to high-end; Promote the transformation and upgrading of the consumer industry structure, especially the accelerated development of various life service industries such as catering, accommodation, tourism and travel; Accelerate the development of various new technologies, new products, new services, new formats and new models, and further improve the development level of the digital economy in the consumer sector. Reasonably increase public consumption and improve the efficiency of public service expenditures such as education, medical care, old-age care and child care. Further relax access restrictions in the fields of education, medical care and old-age care, and support social forces to increase effective supply.

　　It is necessary to take the construction of modern circulation system as the breakthrough point, and accelerate the formation of a large domestic market with convergence of supply and demand, integration of urban and rural areas, and connectivity of domestic and foreign trade. Accelerate the sinking of the domestic demand market, further promote the construction of an efficient circulation system in urban and rural areas, expand the coverage of e-commerce in rural areas, promote the two-way circulation of industrial products to the countryside and agricultural products to the city, and fully tap the consumption potential of counties and towns. Accelerate the development of new international consumption formats such as cross-border e-commerce and duty-free shops in the city, and accelerate the integrated development of domestic and foreign trade.

　　Guangming Daily (January 25, 2021, 04 edition)

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[Strugglers are young, first-line stories] Teng Chao： Seven years of grinding a sword to break through the ＂stuck neck＂

　　[Strugglers are young, a first-line story]

　　Guangming Daily reporter Party Wen Ting Yan Shenghe

　　"The photoresist sample is eluted from the chromatographic column to determine the degree of crosslinking and molecular weight, using the separation mechanism of size exclusion." Teng Chao, a young distinguished professor, is explaining the experimental principle to students in the laboratory of Applied Technology Research Institute of Shenzhen Vocational and Technical College.

　　Don’t underestimate the dimly lit laboratory behind him. Although the area is small, every piece of equipment inside is a "treasure" cherished by Teng Chao. In June this year, it was in this tens of square meters laboratory that the photosensitive polyimide photoresist was developed. Through testing and verification, its performance can meet the import substitution requirements.

　　Teng Chao is in the laboratory. Bright picture

　　From research and development to success, Teng Chao and his team have been studying this project for seven years. Compared with the traditional photoresist, this new photoresist not only plays the role of lithography but also is a dielectric material, which can greatly shorten the working procedure, improve the production efficiency, and make the important raw materials in China’s chip manufacturing supply chain self-controllable.

　　Although the scientific researcher is young, he is accurate and neat when facing the team, and his gestures reveal calmness and steadiness. This Ph.D. major in polymer physics is engaged in the research of new materials. What made him successful in this field of pursuing speed?

　　The story began 10 years ago, on the eve of graduation from Nanjing University, when a company came to the door and wanted to conduct joint research and development, so that Teng Chao really understood the current situation faced by China’s photoelectric display and semiconductor industry at that time. "There are a bunch of source technologies behind the screen that are still being ‘ Get stuck in the neck ’ For example, the LCD spacer microsphere material that accurately controls the thickness of the liquid crystal layer has been available for nearly 40 years, but the technology and supply are still in the hands of Japanese companies. "

　　This made Teng Chao make a bold decision — — Go to Shenzhen, the nearest to the industry, to engage in applied technology research! Teng Chao told the most respected teacher Xue about this idea and got the support and encouragement from the teacher.

　　Teacher Xue in Teng Chao’s mouth is an example that has the deepest influence on his scientific research. As one of the first doctors in the field of polymer in New China, he often warns Teng Chao, "Don’t stare at the data in research, don’t just want to send papers, but produce more useful results for the industry".

　　When Teng Chao first challenged the LCD spacer microsphere project, he encountered unprecedented difficulties.

　　"I can also supplement the technical problems through a lot of reading and experiments. The most difficult thing is to form a team." It turns out that this project is to develop alternative materials rather than breakthrough products, so it is difficult to publish papers, so it is difficult for the research group to recruit people. From doing experiments, collecting data to analyzing and testing, Teng Chao and his partner personally started, "almost lived in the office for more than a year."

　　Where there’s a will, there’s a way. In the process of cramming lessons and sweating, the interdisciplinary knowledge network gave Teng Chao a "light stroke". He designed a set of algorithms to accurately control the variables in the experiment, and finally succeeded: several factories tested at the same time, and all of them passed at one time for the first time.

　　This is also the first related product in China that can fully pass the flat panel display industry test and have mass production capacity, breaking the Japanese long-term monopoly in this field for decades. Now all the major domestic flat panel display manufacturers use this high-precision microsphere material with high cost performance.

　　The success of microsphere research and development has given Teng Chao and the team great encouragement and confidence. In 2015, Teng Chao turned his attention to photoresist, a key material that troubled chip research and development. This kind of material is used for circuit packaging and lithography opening of the core part of the chip, which is monopolized by Japan and the United States and banned from domestic enterprises in many fields.

　　Many enterprises have a hard time saying — — The shelf life of photoresist is only 6 months, so it can’t be stored in large quantities. Long-term technical monopoly has created a "seller’s market". This monopoly is not only reflected in the final product, but also in the raw materials of the product.

　　"Take the photosensitizer at the core of photoresist as an example. We need high-purity photosensitizers. There is no supply in China, and Japanese companies refuse to supply them after learning about their purchasing intentions." Recalling the development process, Teng Chao’s face showed a wry smile. "We found that there was no shortcut to raw materials, so we had to set up a new R&D team and start to tackle the synthesis method and purification process from the various components of photoresist."

　　The project team started with raw chemicals that can be supplied in large quantities in China, and finally got high-purity photosensitizer products and other raw materials that meet the needs of the project step by step. "Although this has lengthened the research and development cycle of photoresist, the establishment of domestic industrial raw material supply chain has completely freed us from being ‘ Get stuck in the neck ’ The possibility. "

　　"Apply what you have learned and the industry will serve the country." Today, Teng Chao, like his mentor, often exhorts dozens of doctoral and master students in the team. In such an atmosphere, the team attacked one after another "stuck neck" industrial pain points: liquid crystal orientation agent, hardened insulating layer material, electroacoustic sound quality enhancement material.

　　"When tackling key problems in scientific research, we should not only consider commercial value, but also consider whether it contributes to the country, society and industry." Teng Chao said firmly, "We must master the key core technologies in our own hands!"

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Focus on the gradual improvement of the effectiveness of our party’s governance from the perspective of the five-year plan

Since the founding of New China, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has combined the basic theory of Marxism with China’s national conditions, compiled and implemented 14 five-year plans for national economic and social development in accordance with the objective laws of economic and social development, and the "14th Five-Year Plan" is being implemented. The practice of the Party’s leadership in compiling and implementing the five-year plan contains the Party’s unique experience in governing the country and embodies the theoretical and practical innovation of the Party’s leadership in socialist modernization. Standing at the starting point of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s new journey to become a modern and powerful country, profoundly summing up the basic experience of the Party’s leadership in formulating and implementing the five-year plan will help to provide a theoretical and practical basis for building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and realizing the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Since the founding of New China, due to the special national conditions, practical limitations and many other factors, the implementation effect of the 14 five-year plans (plans) has both the joy of success and twists and turns, and has made decisive achievements in building a well-off society in an all-round way, laying a solid foundation for the high-quality economic development of China in the "Tenth Five-Year Plan", reflecting the gradual improvement of the effectiveness of our party in governing the country, mainly in the following aspects.
The party led the people to create and develop the core concept of socialist modernization.
The development concepts of the 14 Five-Year Plans have experienced the transformation from the traditional socialist development concept and Socialism with Chinese characteristics development concept to the new era Socialism with Chinese characteristics development concept, which embodies the theoretical innovation of the socialist modernization led by the Party.
The guiding concept of the first five-year plans is dominated by the traditional socialist development concept, which can be summarized as "the general line of transition period" and "the general line of socialist construction". Its core connotation is to realize the transformation from new-democratic industrialization to socialist industrialization with the guarantee of establishing a single public ownership and highly centralized planning system and giving priority to the development of heavy industry as the strategic focus.
The Sixth Five-Year Plan to the Twelfth Five-Year Plan is guided by Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s development concept. The core concept of the Sixth Five-Year Plan to the Tenth Five-Year Plan is "development is the last word", and its core connotation is to improve economic efficiency as the strategic focus, with market-oriented reform and opening up as the basic driving force. The 11th Five-Year Plan to the 12th Five-Year Plan is based on the concept of "Scientific Outlook on Development", which not only emphasizes economic growth, but also pays attention to "people-oriented" sustainable development.
The "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" and "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" are guided by the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, and their core is "Five Development Concepts". The development theme is people-centered, the main line of development is to deepen the supply-side structural reform, and the development strategy is based on expanding domestic demand. The goal is to build a well-off society in an all-round way and start a new journey of building a socialist modernized country in an all-round way, and basically realize the long-term goal of socialist modernization by 2035.
The evolution of the above development concept shows that a successful five-year plan (plan) is based on the scientific development concept.There are some mistakes in the first five-year plans. Although the main reason is restricted by historical conditions and practical experience, the deviation of development concept is also an important reason. The formulation and implementation of nine five-year plans (plans) after the reform and opening up, the creation of the "China miracle", the decisive victory of the "fight against poverty" and the timely realization of building a well-off society in an all-round way all show that the scientific and correct development concept is the "baton" to successfully lead practice.
The evolution of the development concept of the Five-year Plan embodies the theoretical and practical exploration of the Party in governing the country under different historical conditions, deepens the Party’s understanding of the laws of socialist construction, and contributes China’s wisdom to world modernization and economic and social development.
The Party has led the people out of a road of independent innovation and development with China characteristics.
The exploration of scientific and technological innovation led by the Party in the 14 Five-Year Plans has experienced the evolution from the formation and slow development of the self-reliant industrial system to the initial formation of the diversified innovation subject pattern, and then to the deepening of the independent innovation system. China has realized the evolution from a weak country in science and technology to a strong country in science and technology, and is moving towards a world science and technology power.
In the first five five-year plans, under the western economic blockade and the severe international political situation, the CPC Central Committee put forward the scientific and technological development policy of "self-reliance first, supplemented by foreign aid", and established a self-reliance oriented industrial innovation system on high-tech complex industries through the traditional national system, which laid an important foundation for the accelerated development of technology after the reform and opening up.
From the "Sixth Five-Year Plan" to the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan", the idea of scientific and technological development has undergone an evolution from the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and technology as the primary productive force to the strategy of an innovative country. The promulgation of the Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Scientific and Technological Development Plan (2006-2020) and its supporting policies marks a major shift in China’s scientific and technological innovation development strategy from technology introduction to independent innovation. In order to take the road of independent innovation with China characteristics, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "To achieve the goal of’ two hundred years’ and realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, we must adhere to the road of independent innovation with China characteristics, face the world’s scientific and technological frontier, face the main battlefield of the economy, face the major needs of the country, accelerate scientific and technological innovation in various fields, and grasp the opportunities of global scientific and technological competition."
From the 13th Five-Year Plan to the 14th Five-Year Plan, it faces the trend of "anti-globalization", "de-industrialization" and the challenge of "new industrial revolution". Under the guidance of the idea of leading all-round innovation with scientific and technological innovation, the development strategy of science and technology has shifted to supporting the construction of a modern powerful country with scientific and technological innovation, and the quantity and quality have risen together with scientific and technological innovation. China has ushered in a leap from a scientific and technological power to a scientific and technological power. The ranking of China’s global innovation index rose from 29th in 2015 to 14th in 2020, surpassing Britain and ranking first in middle-income economies. In 2020, major breakthroughs will be made in cutting-edge national defense industries such as Chang ‘e-4 detector, Tianwen-1 detector and Beidou-3 global satellite navigation system. At present, China’s scientific and technological innovation is changing from "following" to "running together" and "leading" in the world, becoming one of the most important R&D innovation centers in the world, laying a solid foundation for building Socialism with Chinese characteristics into a modern power in an all-round way.
Scientific and technological innovation is the fundamental reliance of the country’s strength and the inexhaustible motive force for the party to govern the country. Scientific and technological innovation, as a strategic support to improve social productivity, international competitiveness, comprehensive national strength and national security, must be placed at the core of the overall national development.The exploration of the development path of independent innovation with China characteristics in the 14 Five-Year Plans is the practice of the Party’s leadership to promote the modernization of the scientific and technological governance system and governance capacity, and deepens the Party’s understanding of the law of scientific and technological development.
China has successfully embarked on a road of socialist industrialization with China characteristics.
During the first five-year plan period, the party led the people to explore the road of industrialization and experienced the transformation from new-democratic industrialization to socialist industrialization. During the "First Five-Year Plan" period, with the start of socialist industrialization, the party’s exploration of the road to industrialization experienced a transformation from new-democratic industrialization to Soviet socialist industrialization. During the period from the "Second Five-Year Plan" to the early period of the "Fifth Five-Year Plan", although the Communist Party of China (CPC) reflected on the lessons of the Soviet Union’s industrialization road, he also formed some theoretical innovations in dealing with the relationship between accumulation and consumption, China and foreign countries, agriculture and industry, and laid the foundation for the initial development of industrialization, but he did not break through the limitations of single public ownership and planned economy as a whole.
After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in 1978, the Party’s successful exploration of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s industrialization road was marked by the reform and opening up in the 1980s, the implementation of the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and sustainable development in the 1990s, the proposal of Scientific Outlook on Development in the new century, and the new development concept put forward by the Fifth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee, which was divided into three closely related development stages, namely, the late period of the Fifth Five-Year Plan to the early period of the Tenth Five-Year Plan, and the industrialization road with market-oriented reform and opening up as the main contents was initiated. From the late tenth five-year plan to the twelfth five-year plan, we will focus on exploring new industrialization with informationization, people-oriented, energy saving and emission reduction and sustainable development as the main contents; Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core and guided by the new development concept, the 12th Five-Year Plan has been successfully completed, and the international competitiveness of China’s industry has been significantly enhanced. In 2015, China’s high-tech products accounted for 25.8% of manufacturing exports, which not only exceeded the levels of Russian Federation (13.8%), Brazil (12.3%) and India (7.5%), but also exceeded the levels of the United States (19.0%), Japan (16.8%) and France (16.7%), profoundly affecting the global industrial chain, supply chain and value chain.
The "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" and "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" take the construction of ecological civilization as the main content, and explore the new industrialization road of "five modernizations" coordinated by greening. In 2018, China’s industrial added value (US dollar price in 2010) accounted for about 21.7% of the world, 1.56 times and 1.19 times that of the United States and the European Union, respectively. The proportion of goods import and export in the global market has increased from 11.9% in 2015 to 13.1% in 2019, ranking first in the world. China continues to maintain its position as the world’s largest manufacturing country and the largest country in goods trade, laying a solid foundation for moving towards an industrial power.
The exploration of socialist industrialization under the leadership of the Party in the 14 Five-Year Plans is an important part of the Party’s governance, a theoretical and practical innovation that the Party combines Marxist theory with China’s industrialization practice, and a pioneering work in the history of socialist industrialization in China and the world.
The party led the people to explore a government economic management model that conforms to the national conditions and the world development trend.
The five-year plan not only pays attention to the country’s economic development, but also attaches importance to economic system construction and economic system reform. Deepening reform and opening up and promoting institutional innovation are important components of the five-year plan and an important main line.
As far as macroeconomic management is concerned, in the first five-year plan, China experienced a transition from a new-democratic economic system to a highly centralized planned economic system, and the government’s economic function experienced a transition from the combination of planned management and market regulation based on various economic components to the administrative command plan based on single public ownership. During the implementation of the "First Five-Year Plan", the ownership structure of China’s economy gradually formed a single public ownership, and the plan became the only factor in the allocation of resources. The government used administrative means to force the allocation of manpower, material resources and financial resources throughout the country, ensuring the priority allocation of resources to heavy industry. The government has become the "all-round" allocator of economic resources, the national plan plays a fundamental and decisive role in the allocation of resources, and the space and scope for the market mechanism to play its role have gradually declined or even been cancelled.
Since the third plenary session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in 1978, China has experienced a transition from a transitional system combining planned management with market regulation to a socialist market economy system. Especially after the 14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China formally put forward the goal of market economy reform and emphasized the basic role of market regulation in 1992, planned management gradually changed from a mandatory plan to a guiding plan. The government gradually withdrew from the field of microeconomic management and gave way to market regulation. This also verifies Deng Xiaoping’s assertion that both planning and market are means to manage the economy. The planned economy has disappeared, but the five-year plan still exists and develops.
Government’s planned management and administrative intervention are playing an irreplaceable role in making up for "market failure" on the premise of maintaining the basic (decisive) role of market regulation. Under the socialist market economy system, it is necessary to make a five-year plan, but the five-year plan is more macroscopic, strategic and instructive, and all kinds of special planning, spatial planning and regional planning must clearly define the boundaries of their functions.
The areas where market mechanism fails and government efficiency is higher are the scope of government economic activities. The transformation of government’s economic function is a prerequisite for the market to play a decisive role in resource allocation. In the rapid change of economic system, the government’s economic function has changed from "all-round" to "efficient", and the market’s function of resource allocation has changed from denying the market’s role to playing its basic role and then playing a decisive role, which reflects the party’s deepening understanding of strengthening macroeconomic management.Giving full play to the decisive role of the market in the allocation of resources and giving full play to the role of the government is the fundamental follow-up for the future party leaders to formulate and implement the five-year plan, and it is also a major task for the party to govern the country.
[Author: China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing) School of Marxism, China Academy of Social Sciences Institute of Contemporary China]
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How does Spring Festival travel rush drive in an orderly way？ Listen to the traffic police.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, January 18th Question: How does Spring Festival travel rush drive in an orderly way? Listen to the traffic police.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Ren Qinqin, Lu Chang and Sun Liangquan

　　The scale of cross-regional personnel mobility has obviously increased, with the increase of self-driving passenger trips, the increase of trunk road traffic, and the substantial increase of returning home from work, traveling, visiting relatives and friends … … How can Spring Festival travel rush’s self-driving trips be staggered in an orderly way in 2023? The reporter interviewed the traffic control department and the front-line traffic police to help you.

　　The traffic control departments of many places interviewed by the reporter predict that the road traffic trip in Spring Festival travel rush will show the characteristics of staged high-level operation, short-term concentration before and after the festival, and tidal spatial and temporal distribution.

　　Specifically, before the Spring Festival, the national high-speed travel was relatively scattered. Three days before the start of the holiday, from January 18 to 20, the passenger flow returning home before the holiday was concentrated. Affected by people’s purchasing of new year’s goods, leisure shopping, short-distance visits to relatives and friends, etc., traffic flow concentration and vehicle queues are prone to occur around local goods markets, bustling business districts and passenger stations.

　　Three days after the Spring Festival holiday, from January 25th to 27th, it is estimated that the first wave of returning to the city will be ushered in, with the peak on the 27th and the congestion period from 14: 00 to 19: 00. At that time, the traffic pressure around the expressway and urban expressway and the passenger station will increase. There will be a small return peak on February 6 after the Lantern Festival.

　　On January 7th, Beijing traffic police carried out Spring Festival travel rush security work around Dujiakan toll station of Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway. Photo courtesy of respondents

　　Hai Wang, a traffic policeman from Beijing Traffic Management Bureau, said that during the Spring Festival holiday, the toll of passenger cars was reduced on expressways. It is expected that citizens going to Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Henan, Shandong and other provinces will also choose to travel by road. The Beijing-Tibet Expressway, Jingcheng Expressway, Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway, Daguang Expressway and Jingha Expressway are prone to short-term traffic and slow driving, and the traffic flow is large from January 24 to 26.

　　"In 2023, the scale of personnel mobility in Spring Festival travel rush will show a rapid recovery trend, especially in domestic tourist cities, and there will be a peak of people and vehicles." Lin Bingcong, member of the Party Committee of the Traffic Police Detachment of Xiamen Public Security Bureau and a first-class senior police sergeant, analyzed that Xiamen once again became a popular tourist destination in China during the New Year’s Day this year. During the Spring Festival travel rush period, especially during the Spring Festival holiday, Xiamen will continue the trend of high tourists. It is expected that the road traffic around the scenic spot will peak between January 22 and 27; It was not until after the Lantern Festival that it began to return to normal.

　　During Spring Festival travel rush, Xiamen traffic police were on duty. Photo courtesy of respondents

　　Zhang Yongjie, squadron leader of Xiadi Squadron of Traffic Police Brigade of Jishan County Public Security Bureau, said that the rallies and temple fairs during the Lantern Festival have increased the pressure on urban areas and rural roads in major counties and townships. One week before the end of Spring Festival travel rush, colleges and universities started classes one after another, and the traffic flow of students returning to school and going out to work was superimposed, and the traffic flow of urban expressway sections, urban areas, county and city passenger stations and surrounding roads increased.

　　What should I pay attention to when traveling by car? Lin Bingcong believes that before traveling, it is necessary to obtain the epidemic situation of the destination, the weather conditions and traffic flow at the passing place in time, and pay attention to the distribution of expressway service areas along the way, the setting of charging piles, meteorological and road conditions information; Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the vehicle to ensure that the vehicle chassis, tires, braking system, lights and other key components are in good condition, tripods, flash sticks, fire extinguishers and other safety facilities are complete, and refuse to take the vehicle "sick" on the road; It is necessary to face up to the fact that driving skills have been unfamiliar since the epidemic, do a good job of physical and psychological recovery before going out, and advocate suspending travel before eliminating the risk of infection or when symptoms such as fever appear.

　　On January 14, Shanxi traffic police were dealing with snow on the road. Photo courtesy of respondents

　　Zhang Yongjie reminded that the number of minibuses, road passenger transport and tourist passenger transport in Spring Festival travel rush increased this year, and the phenomenon of mixed passenger and freight traffic was prominent. Some drivers turned from long-term low-load operation to normal state, which increased the risk of traffic accidents because of their inadaptability to vehicles and roads, so they needed to pay special attention to driving safety.

　　In response to the actual travel needs of the masses, local traffic control departments will rely on media such as traffic radio, television, Internet, Weibo, WeChat, etc. to timely announce traffic flow prediction and diversion and bypass plans, so as to ensure safe and smooth roads during Spring Festival travel rush and create a safe, smooth and harmonious travel environment for the masses to celebrate the Spring Festival.

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