"Non-legacy+poverty alleviation" wind collection activity, the wind collection site in Nimu County, Tibet.
On the weekend, Tibetan teenagers let that day and the first Bazaxi come to their workshop for poverty alleviation and employment in the village of Gashari, Niandu Township, Tongren County, Qinghai Province — — Huangnan Gazang Regong Culture Company, founded by provincial non-genetic inheritor Gazang Cairang, learns clay sculpture for free. The wall behind them reads "Help people to help skills and arts first" and "Learn a skill and bring a rich family". Garang Cairang’s company has more than 100 employees, all of whom are farmers and herdsmen around it.
In recent years, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism has actively implemented the overall deployment of the CPC Central Committee on poverty alleviation in deep poverty-stricken areas, relied on the characteristics of intangible cultural heritage resources, gave full play to the unique advantages of traditional crafts, and vigorously promoted intangible assistance to help the poor. Integrate the protection and inheritance of intangible heritage into major national strategic projects and give full play to the role of cultural poverty alleviation in "supporting wisdom" and "supporting ambition"; Taking the improvement of ability as the starting point, we will vigorously cultivate the leaders of "non-legacy+poverty alleviation" and improve the sustainability of poverty alleviation. A group of inheritors have strengthened their ability to get rid of poverty and become the backbone of the local "non-legacy+poverty alleviation" work by participating in research and training programs, traditional craft workstations and workshop construction.
Recently, the reporter participated in the "Intangible Heritage+Poverty Alleviation" theme collection activity organized by the Intangible Heritage Department of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, went deep into Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu and other provinces, regions and villages, excavated and interviewed vivid cases of intangible heritage helping to help the poor, and truly felt that the poor people realized their employment income by protecting and inheriting the excellent traditional culture of their own nation and region, which effectively boosted their cultural self-confidence and endogenous motivation to fight poverty.
Traditional craft is an important starting point for precision poverty alleviation.
China’s rural non-legacy resources are rich. Traditional craft is an important part of non-legacy, covering thousands of households, involving all aspects of food, clothing, housing and transportation. At present, among the 4 batches of 1,372 national-level non-legacy representative projects announced by the State Council, there are 399 traditional craft projects, accounting for 30% of the total, including paper-cutting, embroidery, painting, metal forging, ceramic firing, building construction and food processing.
As an important cultural resource, traditional crafts have unique advantages in driving people to find jobs nearby and at home, and are an important starting point for accurate poverty alleviation.
According to the China Traditional Craft Revitalization Plan, in May 2018, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology released the first batch of national traditional craft revitalization catalogues, and a total of 14 categories of 383 projects were selected. Among them, projects in old revolutionary areas, ethnic areas, border areas and poverty-stricken areas account for 65%. From 2018 to 2019, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism subsidized the above-mentioned projects with a total of 120 million yuan through the special funds for national intangible protection, which was used to support theoretical and technical research, personnel training, exhibition and promotion.
These projects have become an important starting point for local assistance in precision poverty alleviation.
On October 13th, the reporter went to Tongren County, Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, where Regong art was inherited. Regong in Tibetan means "golden valley where dreams come true". Through "non-legacy+poverty alleviation", a large number of non-legacy talents such as Tangka, pile embroidery, wood carving, clay sculpture, stone carving and "June meeting" have been trained. The households engaged in Tangka painting in Wutun village of this county account for 98% of the total households in the village, and the per capita annual income has increased from more than 5,000 yuan five years ago to more than 30,000 yuan. The number of households engaged in pile embroidery art in Hudu village accounts for 70% of the total number of households in the village, and the per capita annual income has increased from more than 3,000 yuan five years ago to 15,000 yuan; There are 50 households in Zhuolong Village, and 46 apprentices are engaged in rigid printing, with an annual per capita income of more than 4,000 yuan.
In Linxia Qingyun Brick Carving Co., Ltd., Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu Province, on the north bank of the Yellow River, Zhang Hongjie, a poor household who set up a file, not only learned the craft, but also earned more than 3,000 yuan a month. Fan Xiangjun, general manager of Qingyun Brick Carving, told the reporter that Linxia Brick Carving Intangible Poverty Alleviation and Employment Workshop adopted the mode of "company+personnel training+technical authorization+order distribution+chain workshop+homework" to teach people skills and gradually realize stable employment and poverty alleviation.
Since its establishment in November, 2018, Jishishan Baoan Waist Knife Forging Skills Intangible Poverty Alleviation Employment Workshop has conducted an in-depth investigation on 47 inheritors and apprentices who participated in the forging skills of security guards, among whom 25 households are poor households with established files. At present, all workshop participants are trained in composition design, production skills and other aspects to achieve the transformation from coolies to skills.
In Hebei Province, 48 non-legacy projects, such as weaving skills, straw weaving and paper-cutting, which were unearthed locally, helped to help the poor accurately, and led to more than 10,000 jobs, including 4,109 poor people. For example, Zanhuangyuan village has trained more than 5,000 people in homespun weaving skills, helping more than 600 households get rid of poverty and become rich; Daming straw weaving has driven more than 1200 households to obtain employment and 126 poor households.
Training to improve the ability of non-hereditary population
The Ministry of Culture and Tourism, together with the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, focus on traditional crafts, and implement the "Training Program for People Inheriting Intangible Cultural Heritage in China" to help the inheritors strengthen their foundation, broaden their horizons, increase their education, and enhance their cultural self-confidence and sustainable development ability. From 2015 to the end of 2018, 118 participating institutions held more than 630 training sessions, involving more than 400 traditional craft projects, with 27,000 trainees, and extended training in various places covered 95,000 people. All localities will focus on traditional craft projects in poverty-stricken areas and ethnic minority areas, and give priority to organizing people from poverty-stricken areas and poor families to participate in the training. Take Guizhou Province as an example. In the past four years, the number of trainees has reached 47,000, and more than 200 trainees in the province have started businesses, which has led to more than 500,000 jobs and a total output value of more than 1 billion yuan. Under the leadership of the trainees, thousands of local poor people have transformed "fingertip culture" into "fingertip economy" and embarked on the road of getting rid of poverty and becoming rich.
The Ministry of Culture and Tourism has successively supported Tsinghua University Academy of Fine Arts, China Textile Industry Federation and other enterprises, universities and institutions with strong design capabilities, and set up 15 traditional craft workstations in Hami, Xinjiang, Xiangxi, Guizhou, Leishan, Golog, Qinghai, Liangshan, Sichuan and other places to help local traditional craft enterprises and practitioners carry forward excellent crafts and cultivate traditional craft products and brands with ethnic and regional characteristics.
These workstations will focus on helping accurate poverty alleviation. By training teams, designing products, introducing orders, selling products and other measures, they have helped local people to obtain tangible income and become a working platform and service platform for helping accurate poverty alleviation.
Xinjiang Hami Traditional Craft Workstation helped to establish the local brand of "Mizuo", combed more than 3,000 patterns related to Hami embroidery, developed more than 800 new products such as earphones, pillows, pillows, canvas bags, coasters and storage bags, and trained 5,420 embroidered mothers successively, driving more than 1,200 embroidered mothers to increase their monthly income in 1000 yuan. Combined with precise poverty alleviation, Hunan Xiangxi Traditional Craft Workstation put forward the plan of "Let Mom Go Home", which trained more than 6,000 embroidered mothers and created nearly 3,000 jobs, directly driving relevant personnel to increase their income by more than 5,000 yuan annually.
Intangible heritage poverty alleviation and employment workshops join hands to get rich.
Since last year, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism has actively guided 10 key areas of "non-legacy+poverty alleviation" to start the construction of non-legacy poverty alleviation employment workshops. Select 51 representative projects at all levels, such as Manchu paper-cutting, Miao Xiu, Zhuang weaving skills, Yi embroidery, Thangka drawing skills, Tibetan incense making skills and Linxia brick carving, which have strong employment drive and good market prospects, and coordinate all kinds of cooperatives and enterprises to participate in the establishment of workshops. As of June 2019, 156 workshops have been set up in various places, and more than 840 times of traditional craft poverty alleviation skills training have been organized, with more than 19,000 trainees. A total of 5,177 households with 5,855 poor people have participated in the establishment of the card, with an average monthly income of more than 2,000 yuan.
Nimu County, Xizang Autonomous Region, located in the north bank of the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River, is rich in intangible resources. The production skills of Nimu Tibetan incense, Nimu Tarong White Mask Tibetan Opera, Shiraz Tibetan Paper and Nie Chi (Nizi) are included in the national non-legacy projects; Pusong sculpture and Shiraz Tibetan drum making techniques are non-legacy projects at the autonomous region level; Hand-held clay Buddha statues, Tibetan boots, Nimu prayer flags and Penggang pottery pots are non-legacy projects in Lhasa.
On March 16 this year, 10 non-legacy poverty alleviation workshops in the county were officially unveiled. These workshops focus on the representative inheritors of non-legacy projects, some are demonstration bases of folk culture industries, some are family-style workshops, and some are cooperatives run by outstanding non-genetic inheritors. Nimu County has comprehensively improved the comprehensive quality of non-genetic inheritors, and raised their sense of responsibility, responsibility and taking the lead in getting rich through the mobilization and deployment meeting of non-genetic inheritors, summary training of non-genetic inheritors and year-end assessment of non-genetic inheritors. Form a strong atmosphere of "you work hard and I help, and everyone works hand in hand to run a well-off society". At present, 10 non-legacy poverty alleviation and employment workshops have taught skills to 111 poor households who have set up files and established cards, providing jobs and benefiting 556 people.
Old Galen is a villager in the second group of Xuela Village, Tarong Town, Nimu County, and is also the inheritor of Nimu Xuela Tibetan drum making skills. He began to learn to make Tibetan drums in his twenties, and the sound of the Shiraz Tibetan drums he made was rich and pure.
Today, his son, Lausanne Tenzin, and his grandson, Sequ Dorje, are also engaged in the production of Shiraz Tibetan drums. Lausanne Tenzin told reporters that it takes a week for a person to make a Shiraz Tibetan drum, which can be sold for about 3,000 yuan. At the beginning of this year, with the help of the government, Danzeng in Lausanne set up the "Intangible Poverty Alleviation and Employment Workshop", which helped six villagers get rid of poverty, and the villagers could get an average monthly income of 5,000 yuan here.
The old man Galen said: "Seeing that the skill of the Shiraz drum has been passed down can help the needy families get rich, and they are happier than earning a lot of money themselves!"
Our reporter Cheng Tianci.
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