CCTV News:In 2023, we overcame multiple adverse effects such as serious natural disasters, and the grain output reached a record high. At the end of the year and the beginning of the year, it is also the peak of the purchase of autumn grain such as corn. For farmers who grow grain, this is the most important season. At present, all kinds of grain enterprises in the main producing areas have purchased more than 100 million tons of autumn grain, and the purchase progress is more than half. The market is active in purchasing and selling, and the price remains basically stable. Then, what are the new practices and measures to protect farmers’ interests from grain purchase to storage?
Selling grain is the biggest thing in a year for Fu Shihai, a big grain grower. However, it turns out that it is not so easy to do. Because grain is purchased by market, the price of each grain depot is slightly different, and sometimes the telephone can not be opened. It often takes considerable energy to make preparations to sell more money. The price is clear, but it can’t be relieved. In order to understand the warehouse capacity, Fu Shihai has not run less.
Many farmers who sell grain have also experienced such a rush. How to make selling grain save time and worry?
Yin Lili, Deputy Director of the Grain Reserve Department of Jiangsu Grain and Material Reserve Bureau:On the one hand, the research and development of "Satisfying Su Liang" combined with the accelerated development of mobile phone applications is convenient for farmers to sell grain directly; On the other hand, it can also conform to the development of structural reform on the grain supply side and promote the accurate docking of grain enterprises and grain farmers in the province.
Fast Arrival, Speeding up Grain Sampling by Science and Technology
In the application program of "Satisfying Jiangsu Grain" developed by the grain department of Jiangsu Province, not only the purchase price and the storage capacity of grain depots can be queried in real time, but also the grain can be sold in advance. Seeing that the price is suitable these days through the mobile phone, Fu Shihai is also ready to sell his own food.
Early in the morning, Fu Shihai commanded the grain truck to set off.
As an appointment was made in advance, the staff of the grain depot and Fu Shihai quickly confirmed the information and began to sample the grain. In order to reduce the waiting time of farmers, in this link, advanced scientific and technological means are also used to speed up, which only takes two or three minutes to complete.
Liu Yiming, sampler of Jiangsu Hongze Lake Grain Reserve Direct Warehouse Co., Ltd.:In the past, manual sampling corners were not easy to get, and the accuracy was not as high as that of the current automatic sampling machine. Now, the automatic sampler can sample 360 degrees without dead angle, and the quality of storage is more easily guaranteed.
The test results came out in less than 20 minutes, and the staff paid Shihai a card, and all the food information was stored in the card. After weighing and unloading, you can settle accounts with this card. What used to take a few days to complete is now completed in less than half a day.
Selling good-priced grain postpartum service center to help
Autumn grain purchase is the top priority of grain purchase throughout the year. In recent years, a number of smart grain collection applications have been put into use in Heilongjiang, Jilin and other provinces, in order to make farmers run less errands, queue less and sell grain quickly.
With the blessing of information technology, grain sales have become smoother. For grain growers, it is not only convenient to sell grain, but also can sell it at a good price. To reduce the loss of grain after delivery and realize the excellent grain price, science and technology are needed to help.
This is a grain postpartum service center located in Kedong County, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, which has been running continuously since the acquisition of autumn grain last year. Post-harvest grain service center refers to a new social service organization that provides services such as cleaning, drying, storage, processing and sales of harvested grain. So, what role can they play in increasing farmers’ income?
Liu Dongxing is a big grain grower in Kedong County. In 2023, he planted more than 1,000 mu of land with a good harvest.
Liu Dongxing, a villager from Linhe Village, Yugang Town, Kedong County, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province:The maturity is a little late, the frost comes late and the quality is good.
Although the grain yield and quality are good, after harvest, it is necessary to dry and clean up in time because of the high water content and impurities, which greatly affects the income of grain farmers.
Zhou Guanhua, Director of Safety Storage and Technology Department of State Grain and Material Reserve Bureau:As soon as the grain is produced, the moisture content is very high. The moisture content of grain in Northeast China should be more than 20%, which is very small, usually more than 30%. When it is high, it is close to 40%. Because I have also investigated and seen this situation, if you don’t pay attention to cleaning and drying grain storage, it may be prone to mildew and insects.
Specialized mechanical drying replaces roadside drying to "lay grain on the ground"
In Northeast China, there is a special term — — "food on the ground." When farmers collect corn, they pile it directly on the ground. This kind of "ground-lying grain" is not well ventilated. In case of abnormal rain and snow weather or repeated temperature, the ears of corn at the bottom of the grain pile are prone to mildew and there is a risk of bad grain.
In order to solve this problem, in 2019, Kedong County built two post-harvest service centers based on local farmers’ professional cooperatives with large scale, good management and certain reputation, and began to provide services to surrounding farmers with professional scientific and technological means. There are many modern equipment in the post-natal service center of grain, which can not only clean up the impurities of grain, but also dry precipitation, reduce grain losses and improve grain grade.
At present, more than 5,500 specialized post-natal service centers for grain have been built in China, which has basically achieved full coverage of post-natal services for grain-producing counties in the country, enabling many farmers to realize the transformation from roadside drying and natural air drying to professional, scientific and mechanized drying, enhancing farmers’ bargaining power in the market, and promoting high quality and good price of grain and reducing consumption.
Cloud supervision, inventory of grain, technology protection
A considerable part of the grain harvested every year will enter the granary for storage, so it is very important to do a good job of grain storage and preservation to ensure the quantity, quality and safety of the stored grain. In this link, technology is also playing an increasingly important role.
On this dock in Yuhang section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, Zhejiang Province, the rice from the cargo ship is being transferred to the truck. Next to the dock is the grain and oil storage depot directly under the Zhejiang Grain Bureau, where rice will be stored. After the big warehouse was filled with grain, the workers inserted temperature measuring cables of about 5 meters into the rice, which were all "secret weapons" to monitor the grain situation. Through these sensors and cameras, the staff can sit in front of the computer and check the status of the grain in the warehouse in real time.
In the past two years, the grain department of Zhejiang Province has built the digital collaborative application platform of "Zhejiang Granary", which can not only realize 24-hour monitoring of grain temperature change without dead angle, but also monitor whether anyone enters the warehouse and whether the grain quantity changes in real time through data operation and AI analysis. At the same time, the real-time cloud supervision of all data is realized.
Zhuhaofang technology empowerment storage upgrade
Grain stored at low temperature can keep quality and freshness, and too high temperature can easily lead to fever, insects and mildew in grain piles. Zhejiang is not only humid in climate, but also high in summer, and "one wet and one high" are also the "natural enemies" of grain storage. Therefore, here, food can live in air-conditioned rooms.
When the staff opened the temporarily empty warehouse, rows of pipes on the wall were very eye-catching. When the weather is hot, the air ducts of these four walls will be filled with cold air. Together with the air duct at the top, this "five-dimensional dynamic temperature control technology" is equivalent to adding an isolation belt inside and outside the granary to keep fresh at low temperature.
Not only can you enjoy air conditioning at all times, but when you encounter pests, the baby of grain also "does not need to take medicine."
However, with so many high-tech equipment, the electricity consumption will naturally increase. The local grain department also uses the roof of the grain warehouse to build a distributed photovoltaic power station, which can not only save energy and reduce emissions, but also help reduce the temperature at the top of the warehouse and realize green grain storage. Since 2021, China has continued to carry out the promotion of grain green storage, empowering storage upgrades with science and technology, accelerating the construction of high-standard granaries, and promoting quality improvement, consumption reduction and grain saving.
Optimize service to let farmers sell "warm heart food" and "comfortable food"
Grain purchasing and storage is not only related to the interests of farmers, but also related to national food security, which is of great significance. At present, in view of the recent heavy rain and snow weather in many parts of the country, the State Grain and Material Reserve Bureau requires all localities to actively and steadily grasp the acquisition of autumn grain, guide farmers to store grain scientifically, make rational use of drying capacity, give full play to the role of post-harvest service center of grain, help farmers to reduce their income, optimize on-site service of acquisition, increase the intensity of purchasing by appointment, effectively meet the needs of farmers to sell grain, and let farmers sell "warm heart grain" and "comfortable grain".
关于作者